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| 1 | Levothyroxine therapy and impaired clearance are the strongest contributors to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: Results of a retrospective cohort study显示文摘AIM To identify a set of contributors, and weight and rank them on a pathophysiological basis.METHODS Patients who have undergone a lactulose or glucose hydrogen breath test to rule out small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO) for various clinical symptoms, including diarrhoea, weight loss, abdominal pain, cramping or bloating, were seen as eligible for inclusion in a retrospective single-centre study. Clinical data such as co-morbidities, medication, laboratory parameters and other possible risk factors have been identified from the electronic data system. Cases lacking or with substantially incomplete clinical data were excluded from the analysis. Suspected contributors were summarised under four different pathophysiological pathways(impaired gastric acid barrier, impaired intestinal clearance, immunosuppression and miscellaneous factors including thyroid gland variables) and investigated using the χ2 test, Student's t-test and logistic regression models.RESULTS A total of 1809 patients who had undergone hydrogen breath testing were analysed. Impairment of the gastric acid barrier(gastrectomy, odds ratio: OR = 3.5, PPI therapy OR = 1.4), impairment of intestinal clearance(any resecting gastric surgery OR = 2.6, any colonicresection OR = 1.9, stenosis OR = 3.4, gastroparesis OR = 3.4, neuropathy 2.2), immunological factors(any drug-induced immunosuppression OR = 1.8), altered thyroid gland metabolism(hypothyroidism OR = 2.6, levothyroxine therapy OR = 3.0) and diabetes mellitus(OR = 1.9) were associated significantly to SIBO. Any abdominal surgery, ileocecal resection, vagotomy or Ig A-deficiency did not have any influence, and a history of appendectomy decreased the risk of SIBO. Multivariate analysis revealed gastric surgery, stenoses, medical immunosuppression and levothyroxine to be the strongest predictors. Levothyroxine therapy was the strongest contributor in a simplified model(OR = 3.0).CONCLUSION The most important contributors for the development of SIBO in ascending order are immunosuppression, impairment of intestinal clearance and levothyroxine use, but they do not sufficiently explain its emergence. | Thorsten Brechmann Andre Sperlbaum Wolff Schmiegel | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，5： | 6 |
| 2 | Successful treatment of life-threatening bleeding from a duodenal posterior bulb peptic ulcer by an over-the-scope-clip显示文摘Bleeding of peptic ulcer at the posterior duodenal bulb still is a particular endoscopic challenge with increased risk of treatment failure and worse outcome.In this article,we report successful treatment of an actively bleeding peptic ulcer located at the posterior duodenal wall,using an over-the-scope-clip in the case of a 54-year-old male patient with hemorrhagic shock.Incident primary hemostasis was achieved and no adverse events occurred during a follow-up of 60 d. | Thorsten Brechmann Wolff Schmiegel | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，5： | 4 |
| 3 | Triggers of histologically suspected drug-induced colitis显示文摘BACKGROUND Drug toxicity is a common and even serious problem in the gastrointestinal tract that is thought to be caused by a broad spectrum of agents.Although withdrawal of the causative agent would cure the disease knowledge is scarce and mostly derives from case reports and series.AIM To investigate potential triggers of drug-induced colitis(DiC).METHODS We conducted a retrospective,observational case control study.Patients were assigned to DiC or one of two age-and gender-matched control groups(noninflammatory controls and inflammatory colitis of another cause)based on histopathological findings.Histopathology was reassessed in a subset of patients(28 DiC with atherosclerosis,DiC without atherosclerosis and ischaemic colitis each)for validation purposes.Medical history was collected from the electronic database and patient records.Statistical analysis included chi-squared test,t-test,logistic and multivariate regression models.RESULTS Drug-induced colitis was detected in 211 endoscopically sampled biopsy specimens of the colon mucosa(7%of all screened colonoscopic biopsy samples);a total of 633 patients were included equally matched throughout the three groups(291 males,mean age:62.1±16.1 years).In the univariate analysis,DiC was associated with diuretics,dihydropyridines,glycosides,ASS,platelet aggregation inhibitors,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),statins and fibrates,and with atherosclerosis,particularly coronary heart disease,and hyperlipoproteinaemia.Echocardiographic parameters did not show substantial differences.In the multivariate analysis only fibrates[odds ratio(OR)=9.1],NSAIDs(OR=6.7)and atherosclerosis(OR=2.1)proved to be associated with DiC.Both DiC reassessment groups presented milder inflammation than ischaemic colitis.The DiC patients with atherosclerosis exhibited histological features from both DiC without atherosclerosis and ischaemic colitis.CONCLUSION Several drugs indicated for the treatment of cardiovascular and related diseases are associated with DiC.Atherosclerosis and microcirculatory disturbances seem to play an important pathogenetic role. | Thorsten Brechmann Katharina Günther Matthias Neid Wolff Schmiegel Andrea Tannapfel | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，8： | 3 |
| 4 | Complicated fecal microbiota transplantation in a tetraplegic patient with severe Clostridium difficile infection显示文摘A 65-year-old male suffering from acute spinal cord injury leading to incomplete tetraplegia presented with severe recurrent Clostridium difficile(C. difficile) infection subsequent to antibiotic treatment for pneumonia. After a history of ineffective antimicrobial therapies, including metronidazole, vancomycin, fidaxomicin, rifaximin and tigecycline, leading to several relapses, the patient underwent colonoscopic fecal microbiota transplantation from his healthy son. Four days subsequent to the procedure, the patient showed a systemic inflammation response syndrome. Without detecting an infectious cause, the patient received antimicrobial treatment, including tigecycline, metronidazole, vancomycin via polyethylene glycol and an additional enema for a period of seven days, leading to a prompt recovery and no reported C. difficile infection relapse during a 12 wk follow up. | Thorsten Brechmann Justyna Swol Veronika Knop-Hammad Jrg Willert Mirko Aach Oliver Cruciger Wolff Schmiegel Thomas A Schildhauer Uwe Hamsen | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，12： | 3 |
| 5 | Superior vena cava thrombosis after vitro fertilization 显示文摘 | Brechmann J Unterberg C | 2000 | Dtsch Med Wochenschr2000，125，47： | 1 |
| 6 | Cross‐modal pattern of brain activations associated with the processing of self‐ and significant other’s name显示文摘 | Pawel Tacikowski André Brechmann Anna Nowicka | 2013 | Hum Brain Mapp2013，，9： | 1 |
| 7 | Persistent endocrine stress response in patients undergoing cardiac surgery显示文摘 | ROTH-SIGKEIT A BRECHMANN J DIBBELT L | 1998 | Endocfinol Invest1998，21，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Persistent endocrinen stress response in patients undergoing cardiac cardiac Surgrey 显示文摘 | Roth - Isigheit A Brechmann J Dibbeh L | 1998 | J Endocrind Invest1998，21，1： | 1 |
| 9 | A fibrinogen deficiency accelerates the initiation of LDL cholesterol-driven atherosclerosis via thrombin generation and platelet activation in genetically predisposed mice 显示文摘 | Iwaki T Sandoval-Cooper M J Brechmann M | 2006 | Blood2006，107，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Selecting and estimating regular vine eopulae and application to financial returns显示文摘 | Dimann J Brechmann E C Czado C | 2013 | Computa- tional Statistics and Data Analysis2013，59，3： | 1 |
| 11 | The temporal lobes differentiate between the voices of famous and unknown people:an event-related f MRI study on speaker recognition显示文摘 | Bethmann A Scheich H Brechmann A | 2012 | PLo S One2012，7，47： | 1 |
| 12 | A fibrinogen deficiency accelerates the initiation of LDL cholesterol-driven atherosclerosis via thrombin generation and platelet activation in genetically predisposed mice 显示文摘 | Iwaki T Sandoval-Cooper M J Brechmann M | 2006 | Blood2006，107，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Persistent endocrine stress response in patients undergoing cardiac surgery 显示文摘 | Roth-Isigkeit A Brechmann J Dibbelt L | 1998 | J Endocrinol Invest1998，21，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Selecting and estimating regular vine copulae and application to financial returns显示文摘 | Difimann J Brechmann E C Czado C | 2013 | Computational Statistics and Data Analysis2013，59，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Selecting and estimating regular vine copulae and application to financial returns 显示文摘 | Difimann J Brechmann E C Czado C Kurowicka D | 2013 | Computational Statistics and Data Analysis2013，59，： | 1 |
| 16 | Persistent endocrine stress response in patients undergoing cadiac sugery显示文摘 | Roth-Isigkeit A Brechmann J Dibbelt L | 1998 | J Endocrinol Invest1998，21，： | 1 |
| 17 | Persistent endocrine stress resppmse in patients undergoing cardiac surgery显示文摘 | Brechmann J Dibbelt L | 1998 | J Endocrinol Invest1998，21，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Persistent endocrine stress response in patients undergoing cardiac surgery显示文摘 | Roth-Isigkeit A Brechmann J Dibbelt L | 1998 | J endocrinol Invest1998，21，： | 1 |
| 19 | Persist endocrine stress response in patients undergoing cardiac surgery显示文摘 | Roth-Isigkeit A Brechmann J Dibbelt L | 1998 | J Endocrinol Invest1998，21，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Selecting and Estimating Regular Vine Copulae and Application to Financial Retums 显示文摘 | DiBmann J Brechmann EC Czado C | 2013 | Computational Statistics & Data Analysis2013，59，1： | 1 |
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