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| 1 | Endoscopic removal of gastric ectopic pancreas:An initial experience with endoscopic submucosal dissection显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the therapeutic usefulness and safety of endoscopic resection in patients with gastric ectopic pancreas.METHODS:A total of eight patients with ectopic pancreas were included.All of them underwent endoscopic ultrasonography before endoscopic resection.Endo-scopic resection was performed by two methods:endo-scopic mucosal resection(EMR)by the injection-and-cut technique or endoscopic mucosal dissection(ESD).RESULTS:We planned to perform EMR in all eight cases but EMR was successful in only four cases.In the other four cases,saline spread into surrounding normal tissues and the lesions becameattened,which made it impossible to remove them by EMR.Inthose four cases,we performed ESD and removed the lesions without any complications.CONCLUSION:If conventional EMR is difficult to remove gastric ectopic pancreas,ESD is a feasible alternative method for successful removal. | Dong Yup Ryu Gwang Ha Kim Do Youn Park Bong Eun Lee Jae Hoon Cheong Dong Uk Kim Hyun Young Woo Jeong Heo Geun Am Song | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，36： | 24 |
| 2 | WJH 6^(th) Anniversary Special Issues(7): Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affects approximately one-third of the population worldwide, and its incidence continues to increase with the increasing prevalence of other metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. As non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can progress to liver cirrhosis, its treatment is attracting greater attention. The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is closely associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, especially hypertriglyceridemia. Increased serum levels of free fatty acid and glucose can cause oxidative stress in the liver and peripheral tissue, leading to ectopic fat accumulation, especially in the liver. In this review, we summarize the mechanism underlying the progression of hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. We also discuss established drugs that are already being used to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in addition to newly discovered agents, with respect to their mechanisms of drug action, focusing mainly on hepatic insulin resistance. As well, we review clinical data that demonstrate the efficacy of these drugs, together with improvements in biochemical or histological parameters. | Hye-jin Yoon Bong Soo Cha | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，11： | 20 |
| 3 | Histologic characteristics of gastric polyps in Korea: Emphasis on discrepancy between endoscopic forceps biopsy and endoscopic mucosal resection specimen显示文摘瞄准:在朝鲜人口调查胃的息肉的组织学的特征。方法:我们与胃的息肉考察了内视镜的相片和病人的医药记录通过 2003 年 2 月从 1996 年 4 月经历了内视镜的粘膜切除术。结果:从 74 个病人的 85 胃的息肉的一个总数被考察。Male-to-female 比率是 1:1.96。吝啬的年龄是 59.9 +/- 10.8 年。多重息肉在 10.8% 被观察。胃的息肉最经常发生在窦(58.8%) 。resected 标本上的病理学的结果如下:管状腺瘤 45.9% ,增生的息肉 31.8% ,煽动性的息肉 9.4% ,错构瘤 3.5% ,底的腺息肉 2.4% , tubulovillous 腺瘤 2.4% ,腺癌 2.4% ,发育异常 1.1% ,并且粘膜 pseudolipomatosis 1.1% 。在 resected 标本的内视镜的活体检视和病理之间的差异率是 27.1% 。在息肉和词语索引率的尺寸之间没有关系。结论:在在内视镜的钳活体检视和 resected 标本之间的 histologic 调查结果有可观的差异。全部息肉的组织学的评论的途径应该被执行,特别当一个腺瘤被怀疑时。 | Won Jae Yoon Dong Ho Lee Yong Jin Jung Ji Bong Jeong Ji Won Kim Byeong Gwan Kim Kook Lae Lee Kwang Hyuck Lee Young Soo Park Jin-Hyeok Hwang Jin-Wook Kim Nayoung Kim Jun Kyu Lee Hyun Chae Jung Yong Bum Yoon In Sung Song | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，25： | 19 |
| 4 | Effect of Deformation Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ31 Mg Alloy Processed by Differential-Speed Rolling显示文摘A differential-speed rolling(DSR) was applied to AZ31 magnesium alloy sample at different rolling temperatures of 473,523,573,and 623 K with 1-pass and 2-pass operations.The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the deformed samples were investigated.The rolling temperature was found to be an important parameter affecting the microstructural development.After DSR at 473 K,the microstructure was more homogeneous than that obtained after deformation by equal-speed rolling(ESR).The fully recrystallized microstructures were generated after DSR at 573 and 623 K.As to mechanical properties,the yield strength(YS) and ultimate tensile strength(UTS) decreased monotonously with increasing rolling temperature.In contrast,the elongation of the DSR-deformed samples was improved as the rolling temperature increased.The strain hardening exponent(n) calculated by Hollomon equation increased with increasing the rolling temperature,which would explain an increase in the uniform elongation. | Mosab Kaseem Bong Kwon Chung Hae Woong Yang Kotiba Hamad Young Gun Ko | 2015 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2015，31，5： | 19 |
| 5 | Aerobic exercise improves gastrointestinal motility in psychiatric inpatients显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the benefit of aerobic exercise on colonic transit time(CTT)for psychiatric inpatients in a closed ward.METHODS:Sixty consecutive adult inpatients of the Somang Hospital Psychiatry Unit(Eumsung-gun,South Korea),without CTT-related diseases or drug therapies,were recruited for study from March to June of 2012.Upon enrollment,the patients were randomly assigned to partake in a 12-wk instructor-led group aerobic exercise program(exercise group;n=30)or to maintain their ordinary daily activities(control group;n=30).The exercise program was structured as 10 min warm-up(stretching),40 min exercise,and 10 min cool-down(stretching)for three days each week.The exercise sessions consisted of walking only in week one and aerobics from weeks two to 12,with increasing intensity(50%heart rate reserve(HRR)for weeks one to four,60%HRR for weeks five to eight,and 70%HRR for weeks nine to 12).CTT was measured before(baseline)and after(week 12)the exercise program,in duplicate(on days four and seven),using abdominal radiography and the multiple radio-opaque marker technique.Changes in the exercising patients’CTT and weight-,cardiovascular-and fitness-related parameters were statistically assessed.RESULTS:The study dropout rate was 30.0%,with 23patients in the exercise group and 19 patients in the control group completing the study.At week 12,the exercise group showed decreases in body weight(mean±SE)baseline:69.4±2.8 vs study-end:67.6±2.7;P<0.635)and body mass index(BMI)(25.2±1.1 vs24.9±0.8;P<0.810),but the extent of change was not significantly different from that experienced by the control group(body weight:68.8±4.0 vs 68.8±3.9;BMI:24.3±1.1 vs 24.4±1.2).However,the exercise group showed significant improvements in leg muscle strength(baseline:41.7±4.3 vs study-end:64.1±5.0;P<0.001),cardio-respiratory endurance(120.5±4.5vs 105.4±2.8;P<0.004),and leg muscle elasticity and power output(21.5±2.6 vs 30.6±2.8;P<0.001).The exercise group showed an exercise-induced reduction in total CTT(baseline:54.2±8.0 vs 30.3±6.1),which was significantly different from that experienced by the control group over the 12-wk period(48.6±9.3vs 48.3±12.3;P=0.027);however,the exercise-induced decreases in CTT involving the three colonic segments examined(right,left and recto-sigmoid)showed no significant differences from the control group.CONCLUSION:A 12-wk aerobic exercise program can benefit psychiatric inpatients by increasing intestinal motility,possibly decreasing risk of metabolic-and cardiovascular-related disease. | Yeon Soo Kim Bong Kil Song Ji Sun Oh Seung Seok Woo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，30： | 19 |
| 6 | Globus pharyngeus:A review of its etiology,diagnosis and treatment显示文摘Globus is a persistent or intermittent non-painful sensation of a lump or foreign body in the throat.It is a commonly encountered clinical condition that is usually long-lasting,difficult to treat,and has a tendency to recur.Furthermore,due to the uncertain etiology of globus,it remains difficult to establish standard investigation and treatment strategies for affected patients. As a first step for managing globus,careful history taking and nasolaryngoscopy are essential.Given the benign nature of the condition and the recent notion that gastroesophageal reflux disease is a major cause of globus,empirical therapy with a high dose of proton pump inhibitors is reasonable for patients with typical globus.If patients are nonresponsive to this therapy, definitive assessments such as endoscopy,multichannel intraluminal impedance/pH monitoring,and ma-nometry should be considered.Speech and language therapy,anti-depressants,and cognitive-behavioral therapy can be helpful in patients whose symptoms persist despite negative investigations. | Bong Eun Lee Gwang Ha Kim | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，20： | 17 |
| 7 | Role of ascites adenosine deaminase in differentiating between tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the usefulness of tumor markers and adenosine deaminase in differentiating between tuberculous peritonitis (TBP) and peritoneal carcinoma- tosis (PC). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data was performed on consecutive patients who underwent perito-neoscopic and abdominal computed tomography (CT) evaluations. Among 75 patients at the Seoul National University Hospital from January 2000 to June 2010 who underwent both tests, 27 patients (36.0%) and 25 patients (33.3%) were diagnosed with TBP and PC, respectively. Diagnosis was confirmed by peritoneoscopic biopsy. RESULTS: Serum c-reactive protein (7.88 ± 6.62 mg/ dL vs 3.12 ± 2.69 mg/dL, P = 0.01), ascites adenosine deaminase (66.76 ± 32.09 IU/L vs 13.89 ± 8.95 IU/L, P < 0.01), ascites lymphocyte proportion (67.77 ± 23.41% vs 48.36 ± 18.78%, P < 0.01), and serumascites albumin gradient (0.72 ± 0.49 g/dL vs 1.05 ± 0.50 g/dL, P = 0.03) were significantly different between the two groups. Among tumor markers, serum and ascites carcinoembryonic antigen, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 showed significant difference between two groups. Abdominal CT examinations showed that smooth involvement of the parietal peritoneum was more common in the TBP group (77.8% vs 40.7%) whereas nodular involvement was more common in the PC group (14.8% vs 40.7%, P = 0.04). From receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves ascites adenosines deaminase (ADA) showed better discriminative capability than tumor markers. An ADA cut-off level of 21 IU/L was found to yield the best results of differential diagnosis; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 92.0%, 85.0%, 88.5% and 89.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Besides clinical and radiologic findings, ascitic fluid ADA measurement is helpful in the differential diagnosis of TBP and PC. | Seung Joo Kang Ji Won Kim Jee Hyun Baek Se Hyung Kim Byeong Gwan Kim Kook Lae Lee Ji Bong Jeong Yong Jin Jung Joo Sung Kim Hyun Chae Jung In Sung Song | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，22： | 15 |
| 8 | Prevalence of clonorchiasis in patients with gastrointestinal disease: A Korean nationwide multicenter survey显示文摘AIM: To investigate prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, and the relation of the infection to hepatobiliary diseases in 26 hospitals in Korea.METHODS: Consecutive patients who had been admitted to the Division of Gastroenterology with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled from March to April 2005. Of those who had been diagnosed with clonorchiasis, epidemiology and correlation between infection and hepatobiliary diseases were surveyed by questionnaire.RESULTS: Of 3080 patients with gastrointestinal diseases, 396 (12.9%) had clonorchiasis and 1140 patients (37.2%) had a history of eating raw freshwater fish. Of those with a history of raw freshwater fish ingestion, 238 (20.9%) patients had clonorchiasis. Cholangiocarcinoma was more prevalent in C. sinensis-infected patients than non-infected patients [34/396 (8.6%) vs 145/2684 (5.4%), P = 0.015]. Cholangiocarcinoma and clonorchiasis showed statistically significant positive cross-relation (P = 0.008). Choledocholithiasis, cholecystolithiasis, cholangitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and biliary pancreatitis did not correlate with clonorchiasis.CONCLUSION: Infection rate of clonorchiasis was still high in patients with gastrointestinal diseases in Korea, and has not decreased very much during the last two decades. Cholangiocarcinoma was related to clonorchiasis, which suggested an etiological role for the parasite. | Ho Gak Kim Jimin Han Myung-Hwan Kim Kyu Hyun Cho Im Hee Shin Gwang Ha Kim Jae Seon Kim Jin Bong Kim Tae Nyeun Kim Tae Hyeon Kim Tae Hyo Kim Jae Woo Kim Ji Kon Ryu Young-Soo Moon Jong Ho Moon Sung Jae Park Chan Guk Park Sung-Jo Bang Chang Heon Yang Kyo-Sang Yoo Byung Moo Yoo Kyu Taek Lee Dong Ki Lee Byung Seok Lee Sang Soo Lee Seung Ok Lee Woo Jin Lee Chang Min Cho Young-Eun Joo Gab Jin Cheon Young Woo Choi Jae Bok Chung Yong Bum Yoon | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，1： | 15 |
| 9 | Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer with undifferentiated-type histology:A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopicsubmucosal dissection(ESD) for early gastric cancer(EGC) with undifferentiated-type histology.METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted using the core databases. Complete resection,curative resection, en bloc resection, recurrence and adverse event rate were extracted and analyzed. A random effect model was applied. The methodological quality of the enrolled studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot, the trim and fill method, Egger's test,and a rank correlation test.RESULTS: Fourteen retrospective studies between2009 and 2014 were identified(972 EGC lesions with undifferentiated-type histology). The total en bloc and complete resection rates were estimated as92.1%(95%CI: 87.4%-95.2%) and 77.5%(95%CI:69.3%-84%), respectively. The total curative resection rate was 61.4%(95%CI: 44.5%-75.9%). The overall recurrence rate was 7.6%(95%CI: 3.4%-16%).Limited to histologically diagnosed expanded-criteria lesions, the en bloc and complete resection rates were91.2% and 85.6%, respectively. The curative resection rate was 79.8%.CONCLUSION: In this analysis, ESD is a technically feasible treatment modality for EGC with undifferentiatedtype histology. Long-term studies are needed to confirm these therapeutic outcomes. | Chang Seok Bang Gwang Ho Baik In Soo Shin Jing Bong Kim Ki Tae Suk Jai Hoon Yoon Yeon Soo Kim Dong Joon Kim Woon Geon Shin Kyung Ho Kim Hak Yang Kim Hyun Lim Ho Seok Kang Jong Hyeok Kim Jin Bae Kim Sung Won Jung Sea Hyub Kae Hyun Joo Jang Min Ho Choi | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，19： | 14 |
| 10 | Diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding: A practical guide for clinicians显示文摘Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem encountered in the emergency department and in the primary care setting. Acute or overt gastrointestinal bleeding is visible in the form of hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. Chronic or occult gastrointestinal bleeding is notapparent to the patient and usually presents as positive fecal occult blood or iron deficiency anemia. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is recurrent bleeding when the source remains unidentified after upper endoscopy and colonoscopic evaluation and is usually from the small intestine. Accurate clinical diagnosis is crucial and guides definitive investigations and interventions. This review summarizes the overall diagnostic approach to gastrointestinal bleeding and provides a practical guide for clinicians. | Bong Sik Matthew Kim Bob T Li Alexander Engel Jaswinder S Samra Stephen Clarke Ian D Norton Angela E Li | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2014，5，4： | 13 |
| 11 | New magnifying endoscopic classification for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma显示文摘AIM To assess the accuracy of a new magnifying endoscopy(ME)classification for predicting depth of invasion of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SESCC).METHODS This study included a total of 70 lesions in 69 patients with SESCC who underwent ME with narrow-band imaging(ME-NBI)before resection from August 2010 to July 2016.Accuracy of ME-NBI for predicting depth of invasion of SESCC was analyzed by using a new ME classification proposed by the Japan Esophageal Society(JES),and interobserver agreement was assessed.RESULTS Overall accuracy of ME-NBI for estimating depth of invasion of SESCC was 78.6%.Sensitivity and specificity of type B1 for tumors limited to the epithelial layer(m1)or invading into the lamina propria(m2)were 71.4%and 100%,respectively.Sensitivity and specificity of type B2 for tumors invading into the muscularis mucosa(m3)or superficial submucosa(≤200μm,sm1)were94.4%and 73.1%,respectively,while those of type B3for tumors invading into the deep submucosa(>200μm,sm2)were 75.0%and 97.8%,respectively.Interobserver agreement was excellent(κ=0.86,95%CI:0.76-0.95).CONCLUSION The recently developed JES ME classification is useful for predicting depth of invasion of SESCC,with reliable interobserver agreement. | Su Jin Kim Gwang Ha Kim Moon Won Lee Hye Kyung Jeon Dong Hoon Baek Bong Eun Lee Geun Am Song | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，24： | 13 |
| 12 | Effect of Korea red ginseng on cerebral blood flow and superoxide production显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of Korea red ginsng(KRG) on the cerebral perfusion rate in the rats and the generation of superoxide anion in the endothelial cells.METHODS:The cerebral perfusion rate was measured using laser-doppler flowmetry before and after the administration of crude saponin(CS) and saponin-free fraction (SFF) of ERG in the anesthetized rats.The superoxide generation was measured by the method based on lucigeninenhanced chemiluminescence in the cultured endothelial cells.RESULTS:The relative cerebral perfusion rate (rCBF) was significantly increased by the intraperitoneal injection of CS(100mg/kg) in the rats,but SFF had no effect on the rCBF.Chronic treatment with CS for 7d significantly inhibited the decrease of forebrain cerebral blood frow induced by clamping both carotid arteries in the rats.Furthermore,CS(0.1g/L) significantly suppressed NADPH-induced superoxide generation in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The present study demonstrated that crude saponin fraction of KRG enhanced cerebral blood flow in rats.Furthermore,crude saponin fraction of KRG abrogated the NADPH-driven superoxide generation in endothelial cells. | CukSeong KIM Jin Bong PARK Kwang-Jin KIM Seok Jong CHANG Sung-Woo RYOO Byeong Hwa JEON | 2002 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2002，23，12： | 11 |
| 13 | Planetary defense mission concepts for disrupting/pulverizing hazardous asteroids with short warning time显示文摘This paper presents an overview of space mission concepts for disrupting or pulverizing hazardous asteroids, especially with warning time shorter than approximately 10 years. An innovative mission concept, referred to as a nuclear hypervelocity asteroid intercept vehicle (HAIV) system, employs both a kinetic-energy impactor and nuclear explosive devices. A new mission concept of exploiting a multiple kinetic-energy impactor vehicle (MKIV) system that doesn’t employ nuclear explosives is proposed in this paper, especially for asteroids smaller than approximately 150 m in diameter. The multiple shock wave interaction effect on disrupting or pulverizing a small asteroid is discussed using hydrodynamic simulation results. A multi-target terminal guidance problem and a planetary defense mission design employing a heavy-lift launch vehicle are also brie y discussed in support of the new non-nuclear MKIV mission concept. The nuclear HAIV and non-nuclear MKIV systems complement to each other to effectively mitigate the various asteroid impact threats with short warning time. | Bong Wie Ben Zimmerman Joshua Lyzhoft George Vardaxis | 2017 | Astrodynamics2017，1，1： | 10 |
| 14 | Proton pump inhibitors as a risk factor for recurrence of Clostridium-difficile-associated diarrhea显示文摘AIM:To investigate the risk factors for Clostridiumdifficile-associated diarrhea(CDAD)recurrence,and its relationship with proton pump inhibitors(PPIs). METHODS:Retrospective data of 125 consecutive hospitalized patients diagnosed with CDAD between January 2006 and December 2007 were collected by medical chart review.Collected data included patient characteristics at baseline,underlying medical disease, antibiotic history before receiving a diagnosis of CDAD, duration of hospital stay,severity of CDAD,concurrenttreatment with PPIs,laboratory parameters,response to CDAD therapy,and recurrence of disease within 90 d of successful treatment.Various clinical and laboratory parameters were compared in patients in whom CDAD did or did not recur. RESULTS:Of the 125 patients(mean age,67.6± 13.9 years)that developed CDAD,98(78.4%)did not experience recurrence(non-recurrent group)and 27 (21.6%)experienced one or more recurrences(recurrent group).Prior to the development of CDAD,96% of the 125 patients were prescribed antibiotics,and 56(44.8%)of the patients received PPIs.Age older than 65 years(P=0.021),feeding via nasogastric tube(NGT)(P=0.045),low serum albumin level(P =0.025),and concurrent use of PPIs(P=0.014) were found to be risk factors for CDAD recurrence by univariate analysis.However,sex,length of hospital stay,duration and type of antibiotics used,severity of disease,leukocyte count and C-reactive protein(CRP) were not associated with risk of CDAD recurrence.On multivariate analysis,the important risk factors were advanced age(>65 years,adjusted OR:1.32,95% CI:1.12-3.87,P=0.031),low serum albumin level(< 2.5 g/dL,adjusted OR:1.85,95%CI:1.35-4.91,P= 0.028),and concurrent use of PPIs(adjusted OR:3.48, 95%CI:1.64-7.69,P=0.016). CONCLUSION:Advanced age,serum albumin level< 2.5 g/dL,and concomitant use of PPIs were found to be significant risk factors for CDAD recurrence. | Ji Won Kim Kook Lae Lee Ji Bong Jeong Byeong Gwan Kim Sue Shin Joo Sung Kim Hyun Chae Jung In Sung Song | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，28： | 10 |
| 15 | Clinicopathologic factors influencing the accuracy of EUS for superficial esophageal carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To identify clinicopathologic factors influencing the accuracy of a high-frequency catheter probe endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)for superficial esophageal carcinomas(SECs).METHODS:A total of 126 patients with endoscopically suspected SEC,who underwent EUS and curative treatment at Pusan National University Hospital during2005-2013,were enrolled.We reviewed the medical records of the 126 patients and compared EUS findings with histopathologic results according to clinicopathologic factors.RESULTS:A total of 114 lesions in 113 patients were included in the final analysis.The EUS assessment of tumor invasion depth was accurate in 78.9%(90/114)patients.Accuracy did not differ according to histologic type,tumor differentiation,tumor location,or macroscopic shape.However,accuracy significantly decreased for tumors≥3 cm in size(P=0.002).Overestimation and underestimation of the invasion depth occurred for 11(9.6%)and 13 lesions(11.4%),respectively.In multivariate analyses,tumor size≥3 cm was the only factor significantly associated with EUS accuracy(P=0.031),and was specifically associated with the underestimation of invasion depth.CONCLUSION:EUS using a high-frequency catheter probe generally provides highly accurate assessments of SEC invasion depth,but its accuracy decreases for tumors≥3 cm. | Jung Im Jung Gwang Ha Kim Hoseok I Do Youn Park Tae Kyun Kim Young Hwa Cho Yong Wan Sung Mun Ki Choi Bong Eun Lee Geun Am Song | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，20： | 9 |
| 16 | In-situ formation of MOF derived mesoporous Co3N/amorphous N-doped carbon nanocubes as an efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction显示文摘The suitable materials,metal nitrides,are a promising class of electrocatalyst materials for a highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) because they exhibit superior intrinsic conductivity and have higher sustainability than oxide-based materials.To our knowledge,for the first time,we report a designable synthesis of three-dimensional (3D) and mesoporous Co3N@ amorphous N-doped carbon (AN-C) nanocubes (NCs) with well-controlled open-framework structures via monodispersed Co3[Co(CN)6]2 Prussian blue analogue (PBA) NC precursors using in situ nitridation and calcination processes.Co3N@AN-C NCs (2 h) demonstrate better OER activity with a remarkably low Tafel plot (69.6 mV-dec-1),low overpotential of 280 mV at a current density of 10 mA-crrf2.Additionally,excellent cycling stability in alkaline electrolytes was exhibited without morphological changes and voltage elevations,superior to most reported hierarchical structures of transition-metal nitride particles.The presented strategy for synergy effects of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived transition-metal nitrides-carbon hybrid nanostructures provides prospects for developing high-performance and advanced electrocatalyst materials. | Bong Kyun Kang Seo Young Im Jooyoung Lee Sung Hoon Kwag Seok Bin Kwon SintayehuNibret Tiruneh Min-Jun Kim Jung Ho Kim Woo Seok Yang Byungkwon Lim Dae Ho Yoon | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，7： | 8 |
| 17 | Discrepancies between primary physician practice and treatment guidelines for Helicobacterpylori infection in Korea显示文摘瞄准:在 Helicobacter pylori 的诊断和治疗评估主要照顾医生的态度(H。pylori ) 感染。方法:在汉城大城市的区域的主要照顾医生从 1 月回答了自我管理的问询表到 2003 年 3 月。结果:108 位医生对问询表作出回应。为严峻的 H 的最经常的原因。pylori 感染是胃的并且十二指肠溃疡(93.5% 和 88.9% ,分别地) 。为有 H 的病人。pylori 积极消化不良, 28.7% 医生总是试着根除蠕虫并且 34.4% 有选择地对待。主要照顾医生的一个大比例(28.7%) 对待 H。一个病人的请求基础上的 pylori。仅仅, 9.3% 主要照顾医生总是进行了在对待 H 以后测试的后续。pylori 感染。什么时候 H。pylori 没被第一治疗清除, 40.7% 医生再使用一样的政体, 16.7% 改变了到另一三倍的政体并且 25% 到四倍的政体。结论:指南的发行几乎独自没在实践上有很少影响,这很好被记录了。在在连续医药教育形式的主要照顾医生和胃的肠学之间的通讯被要求。 | Byeong Gwan Kim Ji Won Kim Ji Bong Jeong Young Jin Jung Kook Lae Lee Young Soo Park Jin Huk Hwang Jin Uk Kim Na Young Kim Dong Ho Lee Hyun Chae Jung In Sung Song | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，1： | 8 |
| 18 | Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in the common bile duct:First Asian case report显示文摘Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma(LCNEC)in the biliary system is a poorly differentiated,high-grade neuroendocrine tumor.These tumors exhibit aggressive behavior and an increased tendency for early nodal and distant metastases.Herein,we report an unusual case of a pure primary LCNEC of the common bile duct(CBD).A 75-year-old female presented with nausea and jaundice.The patient underwent a CBD excision with lymph node dissection.Upon histological and immunohistochemical examination,the tumor exhibited pure large cell-type neuroendocrine features.Metastases were noted in two of the eight lymph nodes.The patient was administered adjuvant chemotherapy.The patient’s cancer recurred 7 mo after surgery,and the patient died from liver failure 5 mo after recurrence.The prognosis of LCNEC of CBD remains poor despitecurative resection and adjuvant chemotherapy.The role of additional therapies,such as multimodal treatment including radiation therapy,must be further studied to improve the prognoses of patients. | Sung Bae Park Suk Bae Moon Young Joon Ryu Jeana Hong Yang Hee Kim Gi Bong Chae Seong Kweon Hong | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，47： | 8 |
| 19 | Mismatched effects of receptor interacting protein kinase-3 on hepatic steatosis and inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM To validate the effects of receptor interacting protein kinase-3(RIP3) deletion in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and to clarify the mechanism of action.METHODS Wild-type(WT) and RIP3 knockout(KO) mice werefed normal chow and high fat(HF) diets for 12 wk. The body weight was assessed once weekly. After 12 wk, the liver and serum samples were extracted. The liver tissue expression levels of RIP3, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, protein disulfide isomerase, apolipoprotein-B, X-box binding protein-1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, cluster of differentiation-36, diglyceride acyltransferase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), and interleukin-6 were assessed. Oleic acid treated primary hepatocytes from WT and RIP3 KO mice were stained with Nile red. The expression of inflammatory cytokines, including chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand(CXCL) 1, CXCL2, and TNF-α, in monocytes was evaluated.RESULTS RIP3 KO HF diet fed mice showed a significant gain in body weight, and liver weight, liver to body weight ratio, and liver triglycerides were increased in HF diet fed RIP3 KO mice compared to HF diet fed WT mice. RIP3 KO primary hepatocytes also had increased intracellular fat droplets compared to WT primary hepatocytes after oleic acid treatment. RIP3 overexpression decreased hepatic fat content. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression of very-low-density lipoproteins secretion markers(microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, protein disulfide isomerase, and apolipoprotein-B) was significantly suppressed in RIP3 KO mice. The overall NAFLD Activity Score was the same between WT and RIP3 KO mice; however, RIP3 KO mice had increased fatty change and decreased lobular inflammation compared to WT mice. Inflammatory signals(CXCL1/2, TNF-α, and interleukin-6) increased after lipopolysaccharide and pancaspase inhibitor(necroptotic condition) treatment in monocytes. Neutrophil chemokines(CXCL1, and CXCL2) were decreased, and TNF-α was increased after RIP3 inhibitor treatment in monocytes.CONCLUSION RIP3 deletion exacerbates steatosis, and partially inhibits inflammation in the HF diet induced NAFLD model. | Waqar Khalid Saeed Dae Won Jun Kiseok Jang Sang Bong Ahn Ju Hee Oh Yeon Ji Chae Jai Sun Lee Hyeon Tae Kang | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，48： | 7 |
| 20 | Clinical and endoscopic characteristics of drug-induced esophagitis显示文摘AIM: To investigate clinical, endoscopic and pathological characteristics of drug-induced esophagitis.METHODS: Data for patients diagnosed with drug-induced esophagitis from April 2002 to May 2013 was reviewed. Patients diagnosed with malignancy, viral or fungal esophagitis were excluded. Clinical, endoscopic and pathological characteristics of patients diagnosed with drug-induced esophagitis were analyzed.RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients were diagnosed with drug-induced esophagitis. Their mean age was 43.9 ± 18.9 years and 35.9% were male. Common symptoms were chest pain(71.8%), odynophagia(38.5%) and dysphagia(29.5%). The endoscopic location was in the middle third of esophagus in 78.2%. Endoscopic findings were ulcer(82.1%), erosion(17.9%), ulcer with bleeding(24.4%), coating with drug material(5.1%), impacted pill fragments(3.8%) and stricture(2.6%). Kissing ulcers were observed in 43.6%. The main causative agents were antibiotics and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. All the patients were treated with proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) or sucralfate, and the causative drugs were discontinued. Nineteen patients with drug-induced esophagitis were followed up with endoscopy and revealed normal findings, scars or healing ulcers.CONCLUSION: Drug-induced esophagitis mainly presents as chest pain, odynophagia and dysphagia, and may be successfully treated with PPIs and discontinuation of the causative drug. Kissing ulcers were observed in 43.6%. | Su Hwan Kim Ji Bong Jeong Ji Won Kim Seong-Joon Koh Byeong Gwan Kim Kook Lae Lee Mee Soo Chang Jong Pil Im Hyoun Woo Kang Cheol Min Shin | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，31： | 7 |
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