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| 1 | Critical review of EPS production, synthesis and composition for sludge flocculation显示文摘Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) produced by microorganisms represent biological macromolecules with unfathomable potentials and they are required to be explored further for their potential application as a bioflocculant in various wastewater sludge treatment. Although several studies already exist on biosynthetic pathways of different classical biopolymers like alginate and xanthan, no dedicated studies are available for EPS in sludge. This review highlights the EPS composition, functionality, and biodegradability for its potential use as a carbon source for production of other metabolites. Furthermore, the effect of various extraction methods(physical and chemical) on compositional, structural, physical and functional properties of microbial EPS has been addressed. The vital knowledge of the effect of extraction method on various important attributes of EPS can help to choose the suitable extraction method depending upon the intended use of EPS. The possible use of different molecular biological techniques for enhanced production of desired EPS was summarized. | Klai Nouha Ram Saurabh Kumar Sellamuthu Balasubramanian Rajeshwar Dayal Tyagi | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，4： | 19 |
| 2 | Effect of Welding Processes and Consumables on Tensile and Impact Properties of High Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Joints显示文摘Quenched and tempered steels are prone to hydrogen induced cracking in the heat affected zone after welding.The use of austenitic stainless steel consumables to weld the above steel was the only available remedy because of higher solubility for hydrogen in austenitic phase.In this investigation,an attempt was made to determine a suitable consumable to replace expensive austenitic consumables.Two different consumables,namely,austenitic stainless steel and low hydrogen ferritic steel,were used to fabricate the joints by shielded metal arc welding(SMAW)and flux cored arc welding(FCAW)processes.The joints fabricated by using low hydrogen ferritic steel consumables showed superior transverse tensile properties,whereas joints fabricated by using austenitic stainless steel consumables exhibited better impact toughness,irrespective of the welding process used.The SMAW joints exhibited superior mechanical and impact properties,irrespective of the consumables used,than their FCAW counterparts. | G Magudeeswaran V Balasubramanian G Madhusudhan Reddy T S Balasubramanian | 2008 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2008，15，6： | 16 |
| 3 | Comparison of RSM with ANN in predicting tensile strength of friction stir welded AA7039 aluminium alloy joints显示文摘磨擦搅动(FSW ) 焊接是一种创新稳固的州的加入技术并且在太空,栏杆,为加入铝的汽车、海洋的工业,镁,锌和铜被采用了合金。FSW 过程参数象工具那样旋转速度,焊接速度,轴的力量,在决定焊接质量起一个主要作用。二个方法,反应表面方法论和人工的神经网络被用来预言磨擦的张力的强度搅动焊接 AA7039 铝合金。实验基于三个因素被进行,三水平、中央的合成的脸与完整的复制技术集中了设计,并且数学模型被开发。敏感分析被执行识别批评参数。通过反应表面方法论获得的结果与通过人工的神经网络的那些相比。 | A. K. LAKSHMINARAYANAN V. BALASUBRAMANIAN | 2009 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版2009，19，1： | 15 |
| 4 | 焊接方法对Ti-6Al-4V合金接头微观组织及拉伸和冲击性能的影响(英文)显示文摘钛合金由于具有高比强度、优越的耐腐蚀性和出色的耐热性等优良特性,已成功应用于航空航天、造船和化学工业。尽管钛合金具有合适的可焊性特点,但焊接方法极大地影响焊接接头性能。焊接过程中热循环将会影响焊接金属凝固、相转变和微观组织。采用钨电极惰性气体保护焊接(GTAW)、激光束焊接(LBW)和电子束焊接(EBW)方法制备Ti-6Al-4V合金的焊接接头。EBW焊接接头的强度高于GTAW和LBW接头的强度,但GTAW接头较其它两种接头具有较高的断裂韧性。焊接接头的拉伸和冲击性能与焊接金属的微观组织有关。 | T. S. BALASUBRAMANIAN M. BALAKRISHNAN V. BALASUBRAMANIAN M. A. MUTHU MANICKAM | 2011 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2011，21，6： | 12 |
| 5 | Processing and design methodologies for advanced and novel thermal barrier coatings for engineering applications显示文摘 | Vijay Kumar Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian | 2016 | Particuology2016，14，4： | 11 |
| 6 | Microstructure,Tensile and Impact Toughness Properties of Friction Stir Welded Mild Steel显示文摘Microstructure,tensile and impact toughness properties and fracture location of friction stir welded AISI 1018 mild steel were revealed.The AISI 1018 mild steel plates with thickness of 5 mm were friction stir welded by tungsten based alloy tool with tool rotational speed of 1000 r/min and welding speed of 50 mm/min.Tensile strength of stir zone is higher(8%)compared to that of the base metal.This may be due to the formation of finer grains in the weld nugget region under the stirring action of the rotating tool.The ductility and impact toughness of the joints are decreased compared to those of the base metal owing to the inclusion of tungsten particles in the weld region. | A K Lakshminarayanan V Balasubramanian M Salahuddin | 2010 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2010，17，10： | 10 |
| 7 | Optimizing the Pulsed Current Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Parameters显示文摘在钛合金焊接的煤气的钨弧(GTA ) 的过程参数的选择为获得最佳谷物尺寸和坚硬被介绍。钛合金(Ti-6AI-4V ) 是在太空提供大潜在的申请的最重要的非铁的金属之一,生物医学、化学的工业因为它的低密度(4.5 g/cm^3 ) ,融化的优秀腐蚀电阻,高力量,吸引人的破裂行为和高度指(1678 DEG C ) 。为钛合金的比较喜欢的焊接过程是由于它的比较地更容易的适用性和更好的经济焊接的经常的 GTA。在这合金的更薄的节焊接的单个通行证(GTA ) 的情况中,搏动的水流由于它超越常规连续流过程的优点被发现有益。许多考虑进入图画和图画需要小心地平衡各种各样的脉搏水流参数到达最佳联合。Fourfactors,五水平,中央合成、可旋转的设计矩阵被用来优化试验性的条件的要求的数字。数学模型被开发用变化(ANOVA ) 的分析和回归分析预言熔化地区谷物尺寸。发达模型用传统的胡克和 Jeeve 被优化“ s 算法。试验性的结果被提供说明建议途径。 | M.Balasubramanian V.Jayabalan V. Balasubramanian | 2006 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2006，22，6： | 9 |
| 8 | Development of Micro Selective Laser Melting:The State of the Art and Future Perspectives显示文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)is gaining traction in the manufacturing industry for the fabrication of components with complex geometries using a variety of materials.Selective laser melting(SLM)is a common AM technique that is based on powder-bed fusion(PBF)to process metals;however,it is currently focused only on the fabrication of macroscale and mesoscale components.This paper reviews the state of the art of the SLM of metallic materials at the microscale level.In comparison with the direct writing techniques that are commonly used for micro AM,micro SLM is attractive due to a number of factors,including a faster cycle time,process simplicity,and material versatility.A comprehensive evaluation of various research works and commercial systems for the fabrication of microscale parts using SLM and selective laser sintering(SLS)is conducted.In addition to identifying existing issues with SLM at the microscale,which include powder recoating,laser optics,and powder particle size,this paper details potential future directions.A detailed review of existing recoating methods in powder-bed techniques is conducted,along with a description of emerging efforts to implement dry powder dispensing methods in the AM domain.A number of secondary finishing techniques for AM components are reviewed,with a focus on implementation for microscale features and integration with micro SLM systems. | Balasubramanian Nagarajan Zhiheng Hu Xu Song Wei Zhai Jun Wei | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，4： | 9 |
| 9 | Antimicrobial potential of selected brown seaweeds from Vedalai coastal waters,Gulf of Mannar显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Turbinaria conoides(T.conoides).Padina gymnospora(P.gymnospora) and Sargassum tenerrimum against human bacterial and fungal pathogens.Methods:The antimicrobial activities of the extracts against various organisms were tested by using disc diffusion method.Results:The methanol extract showed the better result than the other extracts.Whereas,the strong antibacterial inhibition was noted in methanol extracts of P.gymnospora against Bacillus subtilus(26.33±1.86) and the mild inhibition of ethanol extracts from T.conoides against Klebsiella pneumoniae(2.33±0.51).Acetone extraction of P. gymnospora had strong antifungal inhibition against Cryptococcus neoformans(23.00±1.78), and acetone extract of T.conoides had mild inhibition against Aspergillus niger(3.00±0.89). Conclusions:The seven different solvent extracts of seaweeds used in the present study have shown significant bacterial action.Further,a detailed study on the principle compound in the seaweeds which is responsible for antimicrobial activity is still needed and it can be achieved by using advanced separation techniques. | Manivannan K Karthikai devi G Anantharaman P Balasubramanian T | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，2： | 9 |
| 10 | Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Beam Welded AISI 409M Grade Ferritic Stainless Steel显示文摘The microstructure analysis and mechanical properties evaluation of laser beam welded AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints are investigated.Single pass autogeneous welds free of volumetric defects were produced at a welding speed of 3 000 mm/min.The joints were subjected to optical microscope,scanning electron fractographe,microhardness,transverse and longitudinal tensile,bend and charpy impact toughness testing.The coarse ferrite grains in the base metal were changed into dendritic grains as a result of rapid solidification of laser beam welds.Tensile testing indicates overmatching of the weld metal is relative to the base metal.The joints also exhibited acceptable impact toughness and bend strength properties. | A K Lakshminarayanan V Balasubramanian | 2012 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2012，19，1： | 9 |
| 11 | Application of Response Surface Methodolody to Prediction of Dilution in Plasma Transferred Arc Hardfacing of Stainless Steel on Carbon Steel显示文摘The application of response surface methodology was highlighted to predict and optimize the percentage of dilution of iron-based hardfaced surface produced by the PTA (plasma transferred arc welding) process.The experi- ments were conducted based on five-factor five-level central composite rotatable design with full replication technique and a mathematical model was developed using response surface methodology.Furthermore,the response surface methodology was also used to optimize the process parameters that yielded the lowest percentage of dilution. | V Balasubramanian A K Lakshminarayanan R Varahamoorthy S Babu | 2009 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2009，16，1： | 8 |
| 12 | An alternative treatment process for upgrade of petroleum refinery wastewater using electrocoagulation显示文摘An electrocoagulation treatment process was developed for treatment and upgrade of petroleum refinery effluent (wastewater), instead of the conventional methods, which can consume higher amounts of chemicals and produce larger amounts of sludge. The effect of the operation parameters, such as current density, initial pH, anode material, anode dissolution, energy consumption and electrolysis time, on treatment efficiency was investigated. The experimental results showed that the effluent can be effectively treated under optimal conditions. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of the effluent, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) of the sludge produced, revealed that the unwanted pollutants can be eliminated. The electrocoagulation treatment process was assessed by using the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and the general physicochemical characteristics of wastewater, and the results showed that the electrocoagulation is an efficient process for recycling of petroleum wastewater; it is faster and provides better quality of treated water than the conventional methods. | Dhorgham Skban Ibrahim Mohan Lathalakshmi Appusamy Muthukrishnaraj Natesan Balasubramanian | 2013 | Petroleum Science2013，10，3： | 8 |
| 13 | Application of remote sensing and GIS analysis for identifying groundwater potential zone in parts of Kodaikanal Taluk, South India显示文摘地下水潜在的地区在遥感和地理信息系统(GIS ) 的帮助下被界定技术。学习区域是在其它上统治的太古代年龄和 charnockite 的镇静的岩石。为识别地质学的地下水潜力地区考虑的参数倾斜,排水密度,似地球形状的单位和貌密度用容纳的资源(红外 P6 LISS IV MX )被产生规模 1:50000 的印度( SOI ) toposheets 的数据和调查并且综合他们与反的距离加权( IDW )基于 GIS 数据当模特儿识别学习区域的地下水潜力。合适的 weightage 因素为这些参数的每个范畴被分配。为各种各样的似地球形状的单位, weightage 因素基于他们的能力被分配存储地下水。这个过程为所有另外的层被重复,结果的层是 reclassified。reclassified 层然后被联合作为很好、好、中等、低、差界定地区。这个地下水潜力信息能为农村人口为饮料水的抽取被用于合适的地点的有效鉴定[出版摘要] | Murugesan BAGYARAJ Thirunavukkarasu RAMKUMAR Senapathi VENKATRAMANAN Balasubramanian GURUGNANAM | 2013 | Frontiers of Earth Science2013，7，1： | 6 |
| 14 | Effect of Heat Input on Fume Generation and Joint Properties of Gas Metal Arc Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel显示文摘The effect of heat input on fume and their compositions during gas metal arc welding(GMAW)of AISI 316 stainless steel plates are investigated.Fume generation rate(FGR)and fume percentage were determined by ANSI/AWS F1.2 methods.Particle characterization was performed with SEM-XEDS and XRF analysis to reveal the particle morphology and chemical composition of the fume particles.The SEM analysis reveals the morphology of particles having three distinct shapes namely spherical,irregular,and agglomerated.Spherical particles were the most abundant type of individual particle.All the fume particle size falls in the range of less than 100 nm.Mechanical properties(strength,hardness and toughness)and microstructural analysis of the weld deposits were evaluated.It is found that heat input of 1.15 kJ/mm is beneficial to weld stainless steel by GMAW process due to lower level of welding fume emissions and superior mechanical properties of the joints. | K Srinivasan V Balasubramanian | 2011 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2011，18，10： | 6 |
| 15 | In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of Indigofera cassioides Rottl.Ex. DC.显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antitumor,cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of methanolic leaf extract of Indigofera cassioides(MEIC) against transplantable tumors and human cancer cell lines.Methods:MEIC was investigated for its short term cytotoxicity on EAC and DLA cells by trypan blue dye exclusion method and in vitro cytotoxicity on HeLa,HEp-2,HEpG-2,MCF-7, HT-29,Vero and NIH 3T3 cells by MTT assay.In vivo antitumor activity was studied on EAC and DLA tumor bearing mice.Activity was assessed by monitoring the mean survival time,effect on hematological parameters,antioxidant enzyme levels and solid tumor volume.Results:MEIC exhibit potent in vitro cytotoxicity against all the tested cancer cell lines,but it was found to be safe on normal cells.The extract significantly(P<0.001) increase the mean survival time and also have a protective effect on the hemopoietic system at the tested dose levels(200 and 400 mg/kg). The extract prevented lipid peroxidation and restored the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-s-transferase in the liver of tumor control animals.It also significandy(P<0.01) reduce the solid tumor volume.Conclusions:The results strongly support that MEIC shows potent antitumor and cytotoxic effects against EAC,DLA and human cancer cell lines.The extract prevents lipid peroxidation and promotes the enzymatic antioxidant defense system in tumor bearing animals which might be due to activities like scavenging of free radicals by the phytochemicals in MEIC. | Raju Senthil Kumar Balasubramanian Rajkapoor Perumal Perumal | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，5： | 6 |
| 16 | Optimization of Friction Welding Process Parameters for Joining Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel显示文摘Friction welding is a solid state joining process used extensively currently owing to its advantages such as low heat input,high production efficiency,ease of manufacture,and environment friendliness.Materials difficult to be welded by fusion welding processes can be successfully welded by friction welding.An attempt was made to develop an empirical relationship to predict the tensile strength of friction welded AISI 1040 grade medium carbon steel and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel,incorporating the process parameters such as friction pressure,forging pressure,friction time and forging time,which have great influence on strength of the joints.Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the friction welding process parameters to attain maximum tensile strength of the joint.The maximum tensile strength of 543 MPa could be obtained for the joints fabricated under the welding conditions of friction pressure of 90 MPa,forging pressure of 90 MPa,friction time of 6 s and forging time of 6 s. | R Paventhan P R Lakshminarayanan V Balasubramanian | 2012 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2012，19，1： | 6 |
| 17 | Hepatoprotective activity of brown alga Padina boergesenii against CCl_4 induced oxidative damage in Wistar rats显示文摘Objective:To investigate the protective effects of brown alga Padina boergesenii(P.boergeseii) against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) induced oxidative damage and liver fibrosis in rats.Methods: To assess the hepatic damage liver weight,the activities of TBARS level,glutathione,SOD,CAT and GPx in circulation and liver.Results:The group of rats induced with CCl4 alone(2 mL/kg body weight),showed noticeable increase in the liver weight and TBARS level.Followed by, the level of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase,Superoxide dismutase and catalase was also significantly(P<0.01) diminished.Where as,the rats pretreated with P.boergesenii(150 mg/ kg body weight) modulated the CCl4 induced liver fibrosis.The level of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products was found to be significandy(P<0.01) attenuated to near normal level, when compared with rats induced with CCL,alone.In order to assess the role of carotenoids in the relevant activity,total carotenoid content of the extract was analysed and found to be 0.59 mg/g fresh weight(FW).Further,the histopathogical studies provide a supportive evidence for this study to show the protective nature of P.boergesenii.Conclusions:The protective role of brown alga P.boergesenii extract has confirmed its potential activity through its antioxidant sparing actions against CCl4 induced free radical damage.However,the possible mechanism of hepatoprotection is rather speculative at this stage and investigations are underway to isolate and characterize the bioactive compounds from P.boergesenii. | Rajamani Karthikeyan ST Somasundaram T Manivasagam T Balasubramanian P Anantharaman | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，9： | 6 |
| 18 | Biochar amendments and its impact on soil biota for sustainable agriculture显示文摘Beneficial microbes in soil biota are known to enhance plant growth by stimulating the nutrient supply and by devising certain mechanisms to cope up with the biotic(diseases)or abiotic(salinity,drought,and pollution)stresses.Owing to their effectiveness and sustainability concerns,the application of microbes in the agricultural sector has seen a positive surge recently.Biochar has been commended as an exemplary carrier material for beneficial microbes in the soil ecosystem.Biochar is generally produced from the waste biomasses,which not only resolve the management crisis of agricultural wastes but also render many benefits such as enhancement of soil properties,alteration of nutritional dynamics,removal of pollutants,and in the stimulation of beneficial microbial diversity in soil.The strategic application of biochar in agricultural land could help provide agronomic,economic,and environmental benefits.Since certain risks are associated with the application of biochar,attention needs to be paid while preferring for soil amendments.This present review focused on highlighting the role of microbes in plant growth.The influence of biochar on soil biota along with its detailed mechanisms was discussed further to delineate the scope of biochar in soil amendments.Further,the risks associated with the biochar amendments and the future perspectives in this research arena were highlighted. | Abhijeet Pathy Jyotiprakash Ray Balasubramanian Paramasivan | 2020 | Biochar2020，2，3： | 5 |
| 19 | 响应面方法在奥氏体不锈钢与铜合金异种材料摩擦焊接头的抗拉强度最大化和界面硬度最小化中的应用(英文)显示文摘在奥氏体不锈钢与铜合金异种材料摩擦焊接过程中,采用响应面方法优化摩擦焊接工艺参数,以获得抗拉强度最大和界面硬度最小的焊接接头。采用三因素、五水平中心复合正交矩阵来确定实验条件。得到20个焊接接头,测定了焊接接头的抗拉强度和界面硬度。采用方差分析(ANOVA)方法来确定起显著作用的、主要的及相互作用的参数,使用回归分析得到经验关系模型。用设计专家软件构造响应图和等高线图来优化摩擦焊接工艺参数。用得到的经验关系模型可以有效地预测焊接接头的抗拉强度和界面硬度,其置信水平达95%。从形成的等高线图可以得到所需的摩擦焊接的最佳条件。 | G. VAIRAMANI T. SENTHIL KUMAR S. MALARVIZHI V. BALASUBRAMANIAN | 2013 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2013，23，8： | 5 |
| 20 | Endocrine milieu and erectile dysfunction: is oestradio-testosterone imbalance, a risk factor in the elderly?显示文摘雌激素不对女性独占,但是在 25-70 的中等传播层次发生; pg 在男人的 ml −1 ,与 44-153 相比; pg 在女人的 ml −1 。从睾丸激素(T) 的 aromatisation 产生,雌激素被认为有许多在变老的男性反对生理的功能和进步 T 衰落与浆液 oestradiol 的相对或绝对的增加被联系(E 2) 。性公正和可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 在老很可能由于 pathophysiological E 2-T 不平衡;改变的神经质的比率可以也向 environmental/plant 雌激素在 hyperestrogenism 或后面的暴露解释编辑的更高的发生。 | Balasubramanian Srilatha P Ganesan Adaikan | 2011 | Asian Journal of Andrology2011，13，4： | 5 |
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