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| 1 | Bevacizumab for the management of diabetic macular edema显示文摘Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in the working-age population and is relatedto 1%-5% of cases of blindness worldwide. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most frequent cause of DR vision loss and is an important public health problem. Recent studies have implicated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in DR and DME pathogenesis, as well as provided evidence of the benefits of anti-VEGF agents for the management of such conditions. Despite the benefits of intravitreal ranibizumab injection for the management of DME, the cost-effectiveness of intravitreal bevacizumab therapy has gained increasing interest in the scientific community. This review summarizes the studies examining bevacizumab for the management of DME, focusing on the efficacy and duration of the clinical benefits of decreasing DME and the improvement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). There is strong evidence that intravitreal bevacizumab injection therapy has a good cost-effective profile in the management of DME and may be associated with laser photocoagulation; however, its clinical superiority in terms of the duration of DME regression and the improvement of BCVA compared with intravitreal ranibizumab and other intravitreal anti-VEGF therapies remains unclear and deserves further investigation. | Francisco Rosa Stefanini J Fernando Arevalo Maurício Maia | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，2： | 18 |
| 2 | Clinical trials on corticosteroids for diabetic macular edema显示文摘Diabetic macular edema(DME)is a common cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients.It is caused by an increase in the permeability of the perifoveal capillaries and a disruption of the blood retinal-barrier.The pathogenesis of DME is multifactorial.Several therapeutic modalities have been proposed for the treatment of DME.Corticosteroid treatments have emerged as an alternative therapy for persistent DME or refractory to conventional laser photocoagulation and other modalities,due to anti-inflammatory,anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and anti-proliferative effects.Many studies have demonstrated the beneficial therapeutic effect of corticosteroids with improvement to both retinal thickness and visual acuity in short-term on the treatment of DME.Peribulbar and intravitreal injections have been used to deliver steroids for DME with frequent injections due to the chronic and recurrent nature of the disease.Steroid-related side effects include elevated intraocular pressure,cataract,and injection related complications such as endophthalmitis,vitreous hemorrhage,and retinal detachment particularly with intravitreal steroid injections.In order to reduce the risks,complications and frequent dosing of intravitreal steroids,intravitreal implants have been developed recently to provide sustained release of corticosteroids and reduce repeated intravitreal injections for the management of DME. | Hassan A Al Dhibi J Fernando Arevalo | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，6： | 17 |
| 3 | Enzymatic vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema显示文摘The aim of this paper is to determine the role of enzymatic vitrectomy performed by intravitreal injection of autologous plasmin enzyme(APE)in the management of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema(DME).Diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or DME and evident posterior hyaloid adherence to the retinal surface were included.All cases were treated with an initial intravitreal injection of APE and reevaluated one month later,measuring changes in best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),macular thickness and the status of the posterior hyaloid.A second APE injection was performed in cases with no evident posterior vitreous detachment(PVD)after the initial treatment.Sixty-three eyes were included in the present review.A complete PVD appeared in 38%of cases(24 eyes)after one injection of plasmin and the total increased to 51%(32 eyes)after the second injection,separated at least by one month.The central macular thickness improved in all cases(100%)and BCVA in89%.Finally,in 50%of eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy,a high reduction of new vessels regression was observed.Enzymatic vitrectomy could be considered a good therapeutic alternative in diabetic retinopathy and macular edema. | Manuel Diaz-Llopis Patricia Udaondo Jose Maria Millán J Fernando Arevalo | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，6： | 6 |
| 4 | Diabetic macular edema:Current management 2013显示文摘Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is the leading cause of vision loss of working-age adults,and diabetic macular edema(DME)is the most frequent cause of vision loss related to diabetes.The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy found the 14-year incidence of DME in type 1 diabetics to be 26%.Similarly the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial reported that 27% of type 1 diabetic patients develop DME within9 years of onset.The most common type of diabetes,type 2,is strongly associated with obesity and a sedentary lifestyle.An even higher incidence of macular edema has been reported in older patients with type 2diabetes.Within the last 5 years,the use of intravitreal corticosteroids and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)agents have come into clinical practice for the management of DME and several recent randomized clinical trials have shown improved effectiveness of ranibizumab compared to focal/grid laser.In this theme issue,we discuss the classification of DR and the treatment options currently available for the treatment of DME including corticosteroids,anti-VEGF agents,combined therapy,enzymatic vitrectomy(vitreolysis),and new therapies. | J Fernando Arevalo | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，6： | 5 |
| 5 | Perfluorocarbon in vitreoretinal surgery and preoperative bevacizumab in diabetic tractional retinal detachment显示文摘AIM: To describe the en bloc perfluorodissection(EBPD) technique and to demonstrate the applicabilityof using preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab duringsmall-gauge vitreoretinal surgery(23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy) in eyes with advancedproliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) with tractionalretinal detachment(TRD).METHODS: This is a prospective, interventional caseseries. Participants included 114(eyes) with advancedproliferative diabetic retinopathy and TRD. EBPD wasperformed in 114 eyes(consecutive patients) during23-gauge vitrectomy with the utilization of preoperativebevacizumab(1.25 mg/-0.05 mL). Patients mean age was 45 years(range, 21-85 years). Surgical time had a mean of 55 min(Range, 25-85 min). Mean follow up of this group of patients was 24 mo(range, 12-32 mo). Main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), retinal reattachment, and complications.RESULTS: Anatomic success occurred in 100%(114/-114) of eyes. Significant visual improvement [≥ 2 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS) lines] was obtained in 69.2%(79/-114), in 26 eyes(22.8%) BCVA remained stable, and in 8 eyes(7%) BCVA decreased(≥ 2 ETDRS lines). Final BCVA was 20/-50 or better in 24% of eyes, between 20/-60 and 20/-400 in 46% of eyes, and worse than 20/-400 in 30% of eyes. Complications included cataract in 32(28%) eyes, iatrogenic retinal breaks in 9(7.8%) eyes, vitreous hemorrhage requiring another procedure in 7(6.1%) eyes, and phthisis bulbi in 1(0.9%) eye.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the usefulne-ss of using preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab and EBPD during smallgauge vitreoretinal surgery in eyes with TRD in PDR. | J Fernando Arevalo Martin A Serrano Juan D Arias | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，5： | 3 |
| 6 | Primary Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Diffuse Diabetic Macular Edema显示文摘 | J. Fernando Arevalo Juan G. Sanchez Lihteh Wu Mauricio Maia Arturo A. Alezzandrini Miguel Brito Sergio Bonafonte Silvio Lujan Manuel Diaz-Llopis Natalia Restrepo Francisco J. Rodríguez Patricia Udaondo-Mirete | 2009 | Ophthalmology2009，，8： | 2 |
| 7 | Primary intravitreal bevacizumab for diffuse diabetic macular edema: the Pan-American Collaborative Retina Study Group at 24 months 显示文摘 | Arevalo JF Sanchez JG W u L | 2009 | Ophthalmology2009，116，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Predominance of Th2 cytokines, CXC chemokines and innate immunity mediators at the mucosal level during severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in children 显示文摘 | Bermejo Martin JF Garcia Arevalo MC De Lejarazu | 2007 | Eur Cytokine Netw2007，8，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Primary intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) for diabetic macular edema: results from the Pan-American Collaborative Retina Study Group at 6-month follow-up 显示文摘 | Arevalo JF Fromow-Guerra J Quiroz-Mercado H | 2007 | Ophthalmology2007，114，： | 1 |
| 10 | Internal support of tissue engineered cartilage显示文摘 | Arevalo - Silva CA Eavey RD | 2000 | Arch Otularyngol Head Neck Surg2000，12，： | 1 |
| 11 | Impact of pulsed electric fields on the dehydration and physical properties of apple and potato slices 显示文摘 | Arevalo P Npadi M O Bazhal M I | 2004 | Drying Technology2004，22，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Ecosys-tem carbon stocks and distribution under different land-use in north central Alberta 显示文摘 | Arevalo C B M Bhatti J S Chang S X | 2009 | Forest Ecology andManagement2009，257，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Impact of pulsed electric fields on the dehydration and physical properties of apple and potato slices显示文摘 | Arevalo P Ngadi M O Bazhal M I | 2004 | Drying Technology2004，22，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Production of value added products from separately collected urine 显示文摘 | Behrendt J Arevalo E Gulyas H | 2002 | Water Sci Technol2002，46，67： | 1 |
| 15 | Surgical management of diabetic retinopathy 显示文摘 | Gupta V Arevalo JF | 2013 | Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol2013，20，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Caprine microsatellite dinucleotide repeat polylmorphisms at the SR-CRSP-1, SR-CRSP-2, SR-CRSP-3,SR-CRSP-4 and SR-CRSP-5 loci显示文摘 | Arevalo E Holder DA | 1994 | Anim Genet1994，25，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Control motion ap- proach of a lower limb orthosis to reduce energy consumption 显示文摘 | Daniel S M Manuel C Arevalo J C | 2012 | international Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems2012，9，： | 1 |
| 18 | Design of a clinical trial to study the efficacy and safety of Exelon\\(rivastigmine) in multiple sclerosis patients with cognitive disorders显示文摘 | Borras C Arevalo MJ | 2003 | Mult Scler2003，9，： | 1 |
| 19 | Neurotrophin signaling: many exciting surprises! 显示文摘 | Arevalo JC Wu SH | 2006 | Cell Mol Life Sci2006，63，13： | 1 |
| 20 | Laryngeal granular cell tumor显示文摘 | Arevalo C Maly B Eliashar R Gross M | 2008 | J Voice2008，22，3： | 1 |
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