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| 1 | 2006年第二次全国残疾人抽样调查主要数据公报显示文摘 | Leading Group of the Second China National Sample Survey on Disability, National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China | 2006 | 中国康复理论与实践2006，12，12： | 152 |
| 2 | China Stroke Statistics 2019:A Report From the National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases,the Chinese Stroke Association,National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Institute for Global Neuroscience and Stroke Collaborations显示文摘China faces the greatest challenge from stroke in the world.The death rate for cerebrovascular diseases in China was 149.49 per 100000,accounting for 1.57 million deaths in 2018.It ranked third among the leading causes of death behind malignant tumours and heart disease.The age-standardised prevalence and incidence of stroke in 2013 were 1114.8 per 100000 population and 246.8 per 100000 person-years,respectively.According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017,the years of life lost(YLLs)per 100000 population for stroke increased by 14.6%;YLLs due to stroke rose from third highest among all causes in 1990 to the highest in 2017.The absolute numbers and rates per 100000 population for all-age disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)for stroke increased substantially between 1990 and 2017,and stroke was the leading cause of all-age DALYs in 2017.The main contributors to cerebrovascular diseases include behavioural risk factors(smoking and alcohol use)and pre-existing conditions(hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidaemia and atrial fibrillation(AF)).The most prevalent risk factors among stroke survivors were hypertension(63.0%-84.2%)and smoking(31.7%-47.6%).The least prevalent was AF(2.7%-7.4%).The prevalences for major risk factors for stroke are high and most have increased over time.Based on the latest national epidemiological data,26.6%of adults aged≥15 years(307.6 million adults)smoked tobacco products.For those aged≥18 years,age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 25.2%;adjusted prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia was 5.8%;and the standardised prevalence of diabetes was 10.9%.For those aged≥40 years,the standardised prevalence of AF was 2.31%.Data from the Hospital Quality Monitoring System showed that 3010204 inpatients with stroke were admitted to 1853 tertiary care hospitals during 2018.Of those,2466785(81.9%)were ischaemic strokes(ISs);447609(14.9%)were intracerebral haemorrhages(ICHs);and 95810(3.2%)were subarachnoid haemorrhages(SAHs).The average age of patients admitted was 66 years old,and nearly 60%were male.A total of 1555(0.1%),2774(0.6%)and 1347(1.4%)paediatric strokes(age<18 years)were identified among IS,ICH and SAH,respectively.Over one-third(1063892(35.3%))of the patients were covered by urban resident basic medical insurance,followed by urban employee basic medical insurance(699513(23.2%))and new rural cooperative medical schema(489361(16.3%)).The leading risk factor was hypertension(67.4%for IS,77.2%for ICH and 49.1%for SAH),and the leading comorbidity was pneumonia or pulmonary infection(10.1%for IS,31.4%for ICH and 25.2%for SAH).In-hospital death/discharge against medical advice rate was 8.3%for stroke inpatients,ranging from 5.8%for IS to 19.5%for ICH.The median and IQR of length of stay was 10.0(7.0-14.0)days,ranging from 10.0(7.0-13.0)in IS to 14.0(8.0-22.0)in SAH.Data from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance demonstrated that the composite scores of guideline-recommended key performance indicators for patients with IS,ICH and SAH were 0.77±0.21,0.72±0.28 and 0.59±0.32,respectively. | Yong-Jun Wang Zi-Xiao Li Hong-Qiu Gu Yi Zhai Yong Jiang Xing-Quan Zhao Yi-Long Wang Xin Yang Chun-Juan Wang Xia Meng Hao Li Li-Ping Liu Jing Jing Jing Wu An-Ding Xu Qiang Dong David Wang Ji-Zong Zhao On behalf of China Stroke Statistics 2019 Writing Committee | 2020 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2020，5，3： | 181 |
| 3 | Association of H.pylori infection with gastric carcinoma:a Meta analysis显示文摘AIM: To follow the principles of evidence based medicine to reach the integrated results of these studies.METHODS: Twenty-one papers of case-control studies were selected, including 11 on gastric cancer, 7 on precancerous lesion of stomach and 3 on lymphoma of stomach: Meta analysis was used to sum up the odds ratios (OR) of these studies.RESULTS: H. Pylori vsgastric cancer (intestinal and diffuse type): the odds ratio from the fixed effect model is 3.0016(95% Cl 2.4197-3.7234, P < 0.001 ). H. Pylori vs precancerous lesion of stomach: a random effect model was used to calculate the summary odds ratio and its value is 2.5635 (95% Cl: 1.8477-3.5566, P < 0.01). H. Pylori vs lymphoma of stomach: though the quantity of literature is too small to make Meta analysis, the data of these 3 studies show that lymphoma of stomach is highly associated with H. Pylori infections.CONCLUSION: Since it had been revealed that H. Pylori infection pre-exists in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions, the results of Meta analysis present a strong evidence to support the conclusion that H. Pylori infection is a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. | Fu-Bo Xue~1 Yong-Yong Xu~1 Yi Wan~1 Bo-Rong Pan~2 Jun Ren~2 Dai-Ming Fan~3 1 Department of Health Statistics,Department of2 Oncology3 Gastroenterology of XiJing Hospital,the Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,Shaanxi Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，6： | 66 |
| 4 | Necessary and sufficient conditions for moderate deviations of dependent random variables with heavy tails显示文摘This paper studies the moderate deviations of real-valued extended negatively dependent(END) random variables with consistently varying tails.The moderate deviations of partial sums are first given.The results are then used to establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for the moderate deviations of random sums under certain circumstances. | LIU Li School of Mathematics and Statistics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China | 2010 | Science China Mathematics2010，53，6： | 44 |
| 5 | Stability of neutral stochastic differential equations显示文摘Let ω(t) = (ω1(t),…, ωm(t))T be a Brownian motion defined on a complete probabili-ty space (Ω, F, P). τ>0, A, B, C are n×n matrices. σ: R+×Rn×Rn→Rn×n, whichis locally Lipschitz continuous and satisfies the linear growth condition. Theorem 1. Assume that there exists a symmetric nonnegative n×n matrix D such thatthe symmetric | LIAO Xiaoxi and MAO Xuerong1 Department of Automatic Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China 2 Department of Statistics and Modelling Science, University of Strathclyde GL LXH, U K. | 1997 | Chinese Science Bulletin1997，42，13： | 39 |
| 6 | The construction of Markov processes in random environments and the equivalence theorems显示文摘In sec.1, we introduce several basic concepts such as random transition function, p-m process and Markov process in random environment and give some examples to construct a random transition function from a non-homogeneous density function. In sec.2, we construct the Markov process in random enviromment and skew product Markov process by p - m process and investigate the properties of Markov process in random environment and the original process and environment process and skew product process. In sec. 3, we give several equivalence theorems on Markov process in random environment. | HU DiheSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China | 2004 | Science China Mathematics2004，47，4： | 27 |
| 7 | Rate of strong consistency of quasi maximum likelihood estimate in generalized linear models显示文摘 | YUE Li & CHEN Xiru School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China | 2004 | Science China Mathematics2004，47，6： | 25 |
| 8 | Weak Orlicz space and its applications to the martingale theory显示文摘In this paper,the weak Orlicz space wL Φ is introduced and its applications to the martingale theory are discussed.In particular,a series of martingale inequalities including the maximal function inequality in weak Orlicz spaces are established;the relationships between these spaces are investigated.Moreover,the boundedness of several sublinear operators from one weak Orlicz space to another is proved;their vector-valued analogues are also considered. | LIU PeiDe,HOU YouLiang & WANG MaoFa School of Mathematics and Statistics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China | 2010 | Science China Mathematics2010，53，4： | 21 |
| 9 | Hierarchical linear regression models for conditional quantiles显示文摘The quantile regression has several useful features and therefore is gradually developing into a comprehensive approach to the statistical analysis of linear and nonlinear response models,but it cannot deal effectively with the data with a hierarchical structure.In practice,the existence of such data hierarchies is neither accidental nor ignorable,it is a common phenomenon.To ignore this hierarchical data structure risks overlooking the importance of group effects,and may also render many of the traditional statistical analysis techniques used for studying data relationships invalid.On the other hand,the hierarchical models take a hierarchical data structure into account and have also many applications in statistics,ranging from overdispersion to constructing min-max estimators.However,the hierarchical models are virtually the mean regression,therefore,they cannot be used to characterize the entire conditional distribution of a dependent variable given high-dimensional covariates.Furthermore,the estimated coefficient vector (marginal effects)is sensitive to an outlier observation on the dependent variable.In this article,a new approach,which is based on the Gauss-Seidel iteration and taking a full advantage of the quantile regression and hierarchical models,is developed.On the theoretical front,we also consider the asymptotic properties of the new method,obtaining the simple conditions for an n1/2-convergence and an asymptotic normality.We also illustrate the use of the technique with the real educational data which is hierarchical and how the results can be explained. | TIAN Maozai & CHEN Gemai School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China and Center for Applied Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Canada | 2006 | Science China Mathematics2006，49，12： | 20 |
| 10 | Sorafenib inhibits growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by blocking STAT3显示文摘AIM: To investigate the inhibitory role and the underlying mechanisms of sorafenib on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: Human and rat HCC cell lines were treated with sorafenib. Proliferation and STAT3 dephosphorylation were assessed. Potential molecular mechanisms of STAT3 pathway inhibition by sorafenib were evaluated. In vivo antitumor action and STAT3 inhibition were investigated in an immunocompetent orthotopic rat HCC model.RESULTS: Sorafenib decreased STAT3 phosphorylationat the tyrosine and serine residues (Y705 and S727), but did not affect Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and phosphatase shatterproof 2 (SHP2), which is associated with growth inhibition in HCC cells. Dephosphorylation of S727 was associated with attenuated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, similar to the effects of a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126, suggesting that sorafenib induced S727 dephosphorylation by inhibiting MEK/ERK signaling. Meanwhile, sorafenib could also inhibit Akt phosphorylation, and both the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 and Akt knockdown resulted in Y705 dephosphorylation, indicating that Y705 dephosphorylation by sorafenib was mediated by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway. Finally, in the rat HCC model, sorafenib signifi cantly inhibited STAT3 activity, reducing tumor growth and metastasis.CONCLUSION: Sorafenib inhibits growth and metastasis of HCC in part by blocking the MEK/ERK/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt/STAT3 signaling pathways, but independent of JAK2 and SHP2 activation. | Fang-Ming Gu, Quan-Lin Li, Qiang Gao, Jia-Hao Jiang, Xiao-Yong Huang, Jin-Feng Pan, Jia Fan, Jian ZhouFang-Ming Gu, Quan-Lin Li, Qiang Gao, Jia-Hao Jiang, Xiao-Yong Huang, Jin-Feng Pan, Jia Fan, Jian Zhou, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China Author contributions: Gu FM, Li QL and Gao Q contributed equally to this work Gu FM and Li QL performed the experi- ments and interpretation of the data and statistical analysis Zhou J and Gao Q contributed to the conception and design of the study Gu FM, Gao Q, Li QL and Zhou J wrote the manuscript Jiang JH, Huang XY, Pan JF and Fan J made substantial contri- bution to the design and conception of the study and interpreta- tion of data all authors read and approved the f inal manuscript. | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，34： | 18 |
| 11 | THE EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS OF NONLINEAR BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS INVOLVING THE p-LAPLACIAN OPERATOR IN L^s-SPACES显示文摘由在卡尔弗特和 Gupta 的非线性的 accretivemappings 的范围的和上使用不安理论,我们在答案 u ∈L ~ S 的存在上学习抽象结果(包含p拉普拉斯算符操作员的非线性的边界价值问题的Ω),在此 2 ≤ s ≤ +∞,并且( 2N )/( N+1 )< p ≤ 2 为 N (≥ 1 )它表示 R^N 的尺寸。获得结果,一些新技术在这篇论文被使用。在这里的这篇论文和我们的方法讨论的方程是扩展和补充到 L. 魏和 Z. 的相应结果他。 | WEI Li (School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang 050003, China. ZHOU Haiyun (Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang 050003, China Institute of Mathematics and Information Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, China. | 2005 | Journal of Systems Science & Complexity2005，18，4： | 17 |
| 12 | An isoperimetric deficit upper bound of the convex domain in a surface of constant curvature显示文摘In this paper,we give a reverse analog of the Bonnesen-style inequality of a convex domain in the surface X of constant curvature,that is,an isoperimetric deficit upper bound of the convex domain in X.The result is an analogue of the known Bottema's result of 1933 in the Euclidean plane E2. | LI Ming & ZHOU JiaZu School of Mathematics and Statistics,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China | 2010 | Science China Mathematics2010，53，8： | 17 |
| 13 | Statistical Communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2012 National Economic and Social Development显示文摘February 22,2013 In 2012, faced with the complicated and severe international situation and arduous tasks of domestic reform, development and stability, under the firm leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council,the people of all nationalities of China, taking the scientific development as the theme and the transformation of economic development | National Bureau of Statistics of China | 2013 | China Population Today2013，30，2： | 16 |
| 14 | Weak martingale Hardy spaces and weak atomic decompositions显示文摘In this paper we define some weak martingale Hardy spaces and three kinds of weak atoms. They are the counterparts of martingale Hardy spaces and atoms in the classical martingale Hp-theory. And then three atomic decomposition theorems for martingales in weak martingale Hardy spaces are proved. With the help of the weak atomic decompositions of martingale, a sufficient condition for a sublinear operator defined on the weak martingale Hardy spaces to be bounded is given. Using the sufficient condition, we obtain a series of martingale inequalities with respect to the weak Lp-norm, the inequalities of weak (p ,p)-type and some continuous imbedding relationships between various weak martingale Hardy spaces. These inequalities are the weak versions of the basic inequalities in the classical martingale Hp-theory. | HOU Youliang & REN Yanbo School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China Department of Mathematics & Physics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China | 2006 | Science China Mathematics2006，49，7： | 15 |
| 15 | Asymptotic normality and strong consistency of maximum quasi-likelihood estimates in generalized linear models显示文摘In a generalized linear model with q × 1 responses, the bounded and fixed (or adaptive) p × q regressors Zi and the general link function, under the most general assumption on the minimum eigenvalue of ∑ni=1 ZiZ'i, the moment condition on responses as weak as possible and the other mild regular conditions, we prove that the maximum quasi-likelihood estimates for the regression parameter vector are asymptotically normal and strongly consistent. | YIN Changming, ZHAO Lincheng & WEI Chengdong School of Mathematics and Information Science, Guangxi University, Manning 530004, China Department of Statistics and Finance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Department of Mathematics, Guangxi Teacher College, Manning 530001, China | 2006 | Science China Mathematics2006，49，2： | 13 |
| 16 | Adaptive quasi-likelihood estimate in generalized linear models显示文摘This paper gives a thorough theoretical treatment on the adaptive quasilikelihood estimate of the parameters in the generalized linear models. The unknown covariance matrix of the response variable is estimated by the sample. It is shown that the adaptive estimator defined in this paper is asymptotically most efficient in the sense that it is asymptotic normal, and the covariance matrix of the limit distribution coincides with the one for the quasi-likelihood estimator for the case that the covariance matrix of the response variable is completely known. | CHEN Xia & CHEN Xiru School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China | 2005 | Science China Mathematics2005，48，6： | 13 |
| 17 | Weak minimum aberration and maximum number of clear two-factor interactions in 2_(IV)^(m-p)designs显示文摘 | YANG Guijun,LIU Minqian & ZHANG Runchu Department of Statistics, Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, Tianjin 300222, China Department of Statistics, School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | 2005 | Science China Mathematics2005，48，11： | 12 |
| 18 | Statistical Communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2014 National Economic and Social Development(Excerpt)显示文摘February 26,2015General Outlook By the end of 2014,the total number of Chinese population at the mainland reached 1 367.82million,an increase of 7.10 million over that at the end of 2013.Of this total,urban permanent residents numbered 749.16million,accounting for 54.77 percent.The year 2014 saw 16.87 million births,a crude birth rate of 12.37 per thousand,and9.77 million deaths,or a crude death | National Bureau of Statistics of China | 2015 | China Population Today2015，32，3： | 12 |
| 19 | The evolution of cooperation in asymmetric systems显示文摘Explaining the 'Tragedy of the Commons' of the evolution of cooperation remains one of the greatest problems for both biology and social science.Asymmetrical interaction,which is one of the most important characteristics of cooperative systems,has not been sufficiently considered in the existing models of the evolution of cooperation.Considering the inequality in the number and payoff between the cooperative actors and recipients in cooperation systems,discriminative density-dependent interference competition will occur in limited dispersal systems.Our model and simulation show that the local but not the global stability of a cooperative interaction can be maintained if the utilization of common resource remains unsaturated,which can be achieved by density-dependent restraint or competition among the cooperative actors.More intense density dependent interference competition among the cooperative actors and the ready availability of the common resource,with a higher intrinsic contribution ratio of a cooperative actor to the recipient,will increase the probability of cooperation.The cooperation between the recipient and the cooperative actors can be transformed into conflict and,it oscillates chaotically with variations of the affecting factors under different environmental or ecological conditions.The higher initial relatedness(i.e.similar to kin or reciprocity relatedness),which is equivalent to intrinsic contribution ratio of a cooperative actor to the recipient,can be selected for by penalizing less cooperative or cheating actors but rewarding cooperative individuals in asymmetric systems.The initial relatedness is a pivot but not the aim of evolution of cooperation.This explains well the direct conflict observed in almost all cooperative systems. | WANG RuiWu1 & SHI Lei2 1 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution,Kunming Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Science,Kunming 650223,China 2 Statistics and Mathematics College,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，1： | 11 |
| 20 | FOXP3 expression and clinical characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To study the biological and clinical characteristics of transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: We analyzed the expression and localization of FOXP3 in HCC tissues and cell lines to evaluate its biological features. The relationship between FOXP3 staining and clinical risk factors of HCC was assessedto identify the clinical characteristics of FOXP3 in HCC. RESULTS: The mRNA and protein expression of FOXP3 were found in some hepatoma cell lines. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of HCC sections revealed that 48% of HCC displayed FOXP3 staining, but we did not find any FOXP3 staining in normal liver tissues and para-tumor tissues. IHC and Confocal analysis showed that the expressions of FOXP3 were mainly present in the nucleus and cytoplasm of tumor cells in tissues or cell lines. In HCC, the distribution of FOXP3 was similar to that of the cirrhosis, but not to the hepatitis B virus. Those findings implicate that FOXP3 staining seems to be associated with the high risk of HCC. CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of FOXP3 in HCC warrants further studies to explore its functions and roles in the cirrhosis and development of HCC. | Wei-Hua Wang, Jun-Zhi Wang, National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, Beijing 100050, China Wei-Hua Wang, Chang-Li Jiang, Cun Zhang, Bo Yan, Wei Zhang, Wei Han, Ying-Qi Zhang, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China Wei-Hua Wang, Chang-Li Jiang, Cun Zhang, Bo Yan, Wei Zhang, Wei Han, Ying-Qi Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China Wei Yan, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China Yu-Hai Zhang, Department of Health Statistics, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China Jiang-Tao Yang, Department of Pathology, Xi’an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，43： | 10 |
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