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    题名 作者 年代 出处 被引量
1汽车用铝合金开发近况(英文)显示文摘介绍了汽车车身用轻质材料铝合金的研究近况,包括材料选择和车体设计新概念等方面。为满足经济和环境保护等方面不断增长的要求,对乘用车在使用已成熟的和最新研究开发的铝合金方面的进展进行了讨论。介绍了一些改进的具有更高的强度和更好的成形性能的5系和6系铝合金,使用这些合金能减轻汽车质量和提高防撞性能。以铝合金在'多材料超轻汽车'概念中的应用到达显著的减重效果为例,介绍了多材料轻质设计方面的研究进展。Jürgen HIRSCH 2014Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2014,24,7:84
27xxx系铝合金热处理的进展(英文)显示文摘7xxx系合金是基于Al-Zn-Mg(-Cu)系的可热处理的锻铝合金,广泛应用于高性能航空结构和运输部件。除了受成分、铸造和形变热处理影响外,材料性能的平衡明显受到其所经历的热处理方式的影响。描述了均匀化、固溶处理、淬火、时效对7xxx系高强合金组织和性能的影响。总结了在Monash大学进行的有关厚板产品的生产工艺,包括从均匀化到最终的时效处理,以及通过控制微观组织特征,比如弥散体、粗粒子、精细析出相、晶粒结构和晶界特征,来实现组织与性能的平衡。重点陈述了相关方法,如通过高温热处理溶解不需要的粗粒子、基于连续冷却析出行为的淬火敏感性变化、通过实验与建模来研究时效包括一步时效、两步时效、三步时效。对每种情况下的组织与性能都进行研究。Paul A.ROMETSCH Yong ZHANG Steven KNIGHT 2014Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2014,24,7:77
3岩爆等级预测的随机森林模型及应用(英文)显示文摘将随机森林分类方法应用于岩爆等级判定问题中。选用洞室围岩最大的切向应力、岩石单轴抗压强度、抗拉强度、岩石弹性能量指数作为岩爆等级判定的因素,并按照不同的组合形式将其分为指标组I和II。以收集到的工程中的实际岩爆情况及数据作为训练样本,进行分析计算,建立岩爆等级判定的随机森分析模型。运用该分析模型对未参加训练的国内外工程实际岩爆情况进行判定,并与支持向量机及神经网络的判定结果进行比较。研究表明,指标组I优于指标组II;用随机森林、支持向量机和神经网络方法计算的正确率分别为100%、90%、80%。可见,随机森林方法判别能力强,误判率低,是解决岩爆等级判定的一条有效途径。董陇军 李夕兵 彭康 2013Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2013,23,2:58
4六偏磷酸钠在蛇纹石与黄铁矿分离中的作用(英文)显示文摘通过浮选试验、沉降试验、表面溶解、ζ电位测试、吸附量测试和红外光谱测试研究六偏磷酸钠在蛇纹石与黄铁矿分离中的作用与机理。结果表明,六偏磷酸钠可以显著减弱蛇纹石对黄铁矿浮选的不利影响,它能在碱性条件下使蛇纹石与黄铁矿分散,从而提高黄药在黄铁矿表面的吸附量。六偏磷酸钠的作用是通过溶出蛇纹石表面的镁,并在其表面吸附,降低蛇纹石表面等电点pH,增强负电性。DLVO理论计算表明,六偏磷酸钠能使蛇纹石与黄铁矿间的总相互作用能由引力位能转变为斥力位能。卢毅屏 张明强 冯其明 龙涛 欧乐明 张国范 2011Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2011,21,1:41
5基于改进的潜在生态风险指数的霞湾港底泥重金属生态风险评价(英文)显示文摘基于潜在生态风险指数(RI)和风险评价代码(RAC),建立改进的潜在生态风险指数(MRI)。该方法考虑了单个重金属不同形态毒性的不同。以株洲霞湾港底泥为例,研究Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn的污染状况及其形态特征,并分别运用潜在生态风险指数、风险评价代码以及改进的潜在生态风险指数3种方法对霞湾港底泥进行风险评价。实验数据显示,霞湾港底泥的重金属污染严重。根据改进的潜在生态风险指数,重金属生态风险呈现Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn递减的顺序。通过对比得出,改进的生态风险评价综合了潜在生态风险指数和风险评价代码2种方法的优点,评价结果更加可靠,能够为风险管理提供一定的理论依据。祝慧娜 袁兴中 曾光明 蒋敏 梁婕 张长 尹娟 黄华军 刘智峰 江洪炜 2012Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2012,22,6:37
6加压酸浸法从粉煤灰中提取铝(英文)显示文摘利用加压酸浸法从粉煤灰中提取铝。研究了粉煤灰粒度、硫酸浓度、反应时间、反应温度对铝提取率的影响。通过XRD、SEM、IR对反应前、后的粉煤灰进行物相和形貌分析。确定的最佳工艺条件为粉煤灰粒度74μm,硫酸浓度50%,反应时间4h,反应温度180℃。在最佳工艺条件下,氧化铝的提取率为82.4%。吴成友 余红发 张慧芳 2012Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2012,22,9:39
7A Review of Current Researches on Blast Load Effects on Building Structures in China显示文摘The damages of building structures subjected to multifarious explosions cause huge losses of lives and property. It is the reason why the blast resistance and explosion protection of building structures become an important research topic in the civil engineering field all over the world. This paper provides an overview of the research work in China on blast loads effect on building structures. It includes modeling blast shock wave propagation and their effects, the dynamic responses of various building structures under blast loads and the measures to strengthen the building structures against blast loads. The paper also discusses the achievements and further work that needs be done for a better understanding of the blast loads' effects on building structures, and for deriving effective and economic techniques to design new or to strengthen existing structures.LI Zhongxian DU Hao BAO Chunxiao 2006Transactions of Tianjin University2006,12,B09:32
8Evaluation of ecological risk and primary empirical research on heavy metals in polluted soil over Xiaoqinling gold mining region,Shaanxi,China显示文摘Soil,crop and residents'hair over Xiaoqinling gold mining region,China,which was selected as a case study,were sampled and analyzed for Hg,Cd,Pb,Cu,Cr,As and Zn concentrations.The concentrations of heavy metals in soil or crop and hair samples were used to assess their potential ecological risks,or to find the responses to these metals as evidences to prove the potential risk was coming down to observed harm,respectively.The results showed that,these metals in soil were ranked by severity of ecological risk as Hg>Cd>Pb>Cu>Cr>As>Zn,based on their single-element indexes.In the view of the potential ecological risk indexes,of all soil samples,about half had significantly high or high potential ecological risk,which covered more than 74%of the studied region.Most of the risks were 97.41%from Hg,Pb and Cd,especially,84.37%from Hg.Both the single-element and potential ecological risk indexes indicated that,the ecological risk grades had a special spatial characteristic,and increased from northwest to southeast generally.This was agreed with the spatial distribution of the strength in gold mining activities over the studied region.The concentrations of Hg and Pb were higher than their relative backgrounds in the corps,and were even 9.48 and 25.09 times higher than their relative backgrounds in residents'hair,respectively.All these showed that the heavy metals in the soil had a high potential ecological risk,especially,had been affecting these crops'growing and yield,and even the residents'health through food strains.Obviously,these metals'potential ecological harm had been coming down to observed harm to the ecology.吴耀国 徐友宁 张江华 胡思海 2010Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2010,20,4:33
9Bearing Capacity and Technical Advantages of Composite Bucket Foundation of Offshore Wind Turbines显示文摘Based on mechanical characteristics such as large vertical load,large horizontal load,large bending moment and complex geological conditions,a large scale composite bucket foundation (CBF) is put forward.Both the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are employed to study the bearing capacity of CBF and the relationship between loads and ground deformation.Furthermore,monopile,high-rise pile cap,tripod and CBF designs are compared to analyze the bearing capacity and ground deformation,with a 3-MW wind generator as an example.The results indicate that CBF can effectively bear horizontal load and large bending moment resulting from upper structures and environmental load.练继建 孙立强 张金凤 王海军 2011Transactions of Tianjin University2011,17,2:33
10Leaching process of rare earths from weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore显示文摘In order to strengthen the leaching procedure,the chemical processes of leaching rare earths (RE) from the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore were investigated frow the viewpoints of kinetics,hydrodynamic and mass transfer.The results show that the leaching hydrodynamics follows the Darcy law.The leaching kinetics can be described by the shrinking core model;the leaching process is controlled by diffusion of porous solid layer;and the mass transfer can be described with Van Deemter equation.This provides a theoretic basis and a scientific approach with high efficiency and optimized extraction conditions in industrial practice.田君 池汝安 尹敬群 2010Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2010,20,5:29
11添加微量Sc和Zr对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金力学性能和显微组织演变的影响显示文摘采用拉伸试验、扫描电镜和透射电镜,研究添加微量Sc和Zr对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金力学性能和显微组织演变的影响。添加0.10%Zr使合金的抗拉强度提高约105 MPa,而复合添加0.07%Sc和0.07%Zr使合金抗拉强度提高约133 MPa。在峰时效状态的合金中,添加微量Sc和Zr的主要强化机制是Al3(Sc,Zr)和Al3Zr粒子引起的细晶强化、亚晶强化和奥罗万强化。Al3(Sc,Zr)颗粒的尺寸大于Al3Zr颗粒的尺寸,但Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子分布更加弥散,因此,Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子能更加有效钉扎位错运动和抑制再结晶。肖权峰 黄继武 蒋莺歌 江福清 吴昀峰 徐国富 2020Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2020,30,6:29
12选区激光熔化成形颗粒增强铝基复合材料综述显示文摘选区激光熔化(SLM)是一种新兴逐层增材制造技术,能够生成具有三维复杂结构的高性能构件。颗粒增强铝基复合材料(PAMCs)由于结合铝基体和增强相的优异特性在很多领域被认为是一种重要材料。基于SLM和PAMCs的综合优势,新型SLMPAMCs在近年来被陆续开发和研究。因而,本文总结当前有关SLMPAMCs的研究进展。首先,着重分析SLM PAMCs的凝固行为。其次,对高性能SLM PAMCs设计和制造中涉及的重要问题进行全面的讨论,其中包括增强相的选择、工艺参数对成形和微观结构的影响以及缺陷演变和相调控。第三,对SLM PAMCs的性能和增强机制进行系统讨论。最后,对高性能SLM PAMCs未来发展方向提出建设性的观点。王沛 Jürgen ECKERT Konda-gokuldoss PRASHANTH 吴明伟 Ivan KABAN 席丽霞 Sergio SCUDINO 2020Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2020,30,8:29
13高强度铝合金7075的温成形性能(英文)显示文摘对铝合金板料7075在加热状态下的成形性能进行研究。首先,通过单向拉伸试验得到不同温度以及不同应变速率下的应力—应变关系。然后,通过极限拉伸比(LDR)试验和极限拱顶高(LDH)试验对其在不同温度下的拉伸性能和胀形性能进行研究。最后,对不同温度下成形后材料的力学性能进行研究。结果表明:7075铝合金的拉伸和胀形性能在140~220°C均得到较大提升;当温度高于260°C时,由于成形温度对板料热处理状态的影响,成形性能和成形后材料的力学性能均出现下降趋势。王辉 罗应兵 Peter FRIEDMAN 陈明和 高霖 2012Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2012,22,1:28
14激光增材制造TA2/TA15梯度结构材料的显微组织(英文)显示文摘利用激光增材制造技术制备TA2/TA15梯度结构材料,研究该梯度结构材料的化学成分、显微组织和显微硬度的变化。结果表明:TA2部分宏观组织为近等轴晶组织,显微组织为魏氏α片层组织。TA15部分宏观组织是粗大的柱状晶,显微组织是细小的网篮组织。过渡区的厚度为3000μm,分成4层。随着距离TA2部分距离的增加,合金元素和β相含量逐渐增加,α相含量逐渐减少,显微组织从魏氏α片层向网篮α片层逐渐演化。固溶强化和相界面强化使得显微组织从TA2部分到TA15部分逐渐增加。钱婷婷 刘栋 田象军 刘长猛 王华明 2014Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2014,24,9:27
15TDD-net: a tiny defect detection network for printed circuit boards显示文摘Tiny defect detection (TDD) which aims to perform the quality control of printed circuit boards (PCBs) is a basic and essential task in the production of most electronic products. Though significant progress has been made in PCB defect detection, traditional methods are still difficult to cope with the complex and diverse PCBs. To deal with these problems, this article proposes a tiny defect detection network (TDD-Net) to improve performance for PCB defect detection. In this method, the inherent multi-scale and pyramidal hierarchies of deep convolutional networks are exploited to construct feature pyramids. Compared with existing approaches, the TDD-Net has three novel changes. First, reasonable anchors are designed by using k-means clustering. Second, TDD-Net strengthens the relationship of feature maps from different levels and benefits from low-level structural information, which is suitable for tiny defect detection. Finally, considering the small and imbalance dataset, online hard example mining is adopted in the whole training phase in order to improve the quality of region-of-interest (ROI) proposals and make more effective use of data information. Quantitative results on the PCB defect dataset show that the proposed method has better portability and can achieve 98.90% mAP, which outperforms the state-of-arts. The code will be publicly available.Runwei Ding Linhui Dai Guangpeng Li Hong Liu 2019CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology2019,4,2:27
16尾砂胶结充填体的损伤破坏及其与岩体的合理匹配(英文)显示文摘为了研究充填体的破坏机理及其与岩体的合理匹配,实现金属矿山的安全高效开采,分別对灰砂配比为0.250:1、0.125:0、0.100:1和0.083:1的4种尾砂胶结充填体进行试块单轴抗压实验。通过其应力-应变曲线,分析不同灰砂配比下充填体的变形与破坏特征。在此基础上,采用损伤力学推导建立4种不同配比充填体的损伤本构方程,并通过本构模型与实验结果的对比分析,验证损伤模型的可靠性。此外,利用突变理论,建立充填体与岩体在相互力学作用下的能量模型,推导出充填体与岩体的系统失稳判据。结果表明:不同配比的充填体表现出不同的损伤特性,充填体灰沙配比越低,达到峰值应力时的损伤值越小,且峰值应力后,损伤破坏过程越明显;从系统失稳的条件上看,岩体强度与充填体强度越低,越容易造成系统的失稳。该研究结果为矿山充填体合理强度设计提供了科学依据。刘志祥 兰明 肖思友 郭虎强 2015Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2015,25,3:27
17热处理对A356铝合金组织结构和力学性能的影响(英文)显示文摘用两种不同的热处理制度对稀土和锶综合细化变质的A356合金进行处理,一种是长时间标准处理制度T6(535℃固溶4h+150℃时效15h),另一种是短时间的热处理制度ST(550℃固溶2h+170℃时效2h)。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及室温拉伸实验等手段分析热处理制度对A356合金微观组织和拉伸力学性能的影响。结果表明:在550℃下固溶2h可以获得Mg、Si过饱和且分布均匀的α(Al)固溶体,并使共晶硅相球化;再经170℃人工时效2h后,可以达到传统T6处理的时效析出效果。拉伸实验结果表明,A356铝合金经传统T6处理得到了最高的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率;通过ST短时热处理后,其拉伸强度、屈服强度及伸长率分别可以达到T6处理时的90%,95%和80%。彭继华 唐小龙 何健亭 许德英 2011Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2011,21,9:26
18锌浸出渣中重金属的环境活性和生态风险评价(英文)显示文摘采用矿物学分析、BCR三步连续浸提、动态淋洗实验以及Hakanson潜在生态风险评价4种方法对锌浸出渣重金属的环境活性以及生态风险进行评价。结果表明,锌浸出渣中重金属的环境活性大小依次为Cd>Zn>Cu>As>Pb。废渣中主要重金属的潜在生态风险评价表明,该种废渣对环境具有很高的生态风险,单个重金属的生态危害顺序为Cd>Zn>Cu>As>Pb。Cd有很严重的生态风险,是对生态环境造成毒性的主要原因。闵小波 谢先德 柴立元 梁彦杰 李密 柯勇 2013Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2013,23,1:25
19真空热压铝和铜的固态连接(英文)显示文摘在温度623~923K下采用真空热压扩散连接铝和铜,具体工艺为在预置温度下,变形率为0.2mm/min时热压缩10min,再在炉冷过程中,以0.2mm/min成型10min。通过界面分析可以看出,合适的扩散连接温度为823K,在扩散过程中产生了3种主要的金属间化合物层,分别为Al2Cu、AlCu+Al3Cu4和Al4Cu9。3种化合物层的局部硬度分别为(4.97±0.05)、(6.33±0.00)、(6.06±0.18)GPa。Kwang Seok LEE Yong-Nam KWON 2013Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2013,23,2:25
20德兴铜矿尾矿库重金属的浸出(英文)显示文摘德兴铜矿的4#尾矿库废水来源包括碱性浮选矿浆和附近露天矿山的酸性废水(AMD)。因此,酸性矿山废水的酸化作用极可能造成尾矿中重金属的浸出。通过实验室的批次实验对德兴铜矿尾矿中锌、铜、铁和锰的浸出行为进行了研究,对pH值、温度、颗粒大小和接触时间对重金属浸出的影响进行了讨论。结果表明,锌、铜、铁和锰是尾矿中的主要重金属,石英类脉石矿物是尾矿的主要成分。尾矿的溶解反应受酸度控制,其动力学可以根据非均相反应的模型来表达,通过表面化学反应作为速率决定步骤的核收缩模型来解释。这些重金属的浸出依赖于pH值和接触时间。批次实验研究得出,锌、铜、铁和锰在pH=2.0时的最大浸出率分别为5.4%、5.8%、11.1%和34.1%。重金属的溶出与温度呈正相关性。颗粒大小不会改变这些重金属的浸出趋势,但会略微导致重金属的最高浓度和平均水平的下降。郭耀广 黄鹏 张武刚 袁学武 范凤霞 王焕丽 柳建设 王兆慧 2013Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2013,23,10:25
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