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| 1 | Study on Relationship between Microstructure of Active Phase and HDS Performance of Sulfided Ni-Mo Catalysts: Effect of Metal Loading显示文摘Six Ni-Mo catalysts with different metal contents were prepared and characterized by N2 adsorption and X-ray diffractometry. The active phase microstructure of these catalysts was examined by the Raman spectroscopy, temperatureprogrammed reduction(TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Hydrodesulfurization(HDS) activity of catalyst samples were analyzed in a flow fixed-bed microreactor. The sulfidation degree of Mo and the length of the MoS2 slab slightly increased with the amount of metal loaded following sulfidation. This small change is attributed to polymolybdate species observed in all the oxidized catalysts. Weak metal-support interactions, as determined by the TPR technique, increased the NiSx sulfidation phase and MoS2 slab stacking. The HDS activity of the catalyst samples increased with the number of active sites. For high metal loading catalysts, their HDS activity was nearly identical because the sulfur atoms cannot easily approach active sites. This change is caused by the large number of stacked layers in the MoS2 slabs as well as the decrease in the specific surface area and pore volume of the catalyst samples with an increasing metal loading. | Guo Rong Shen Benxian Fang Xiangchen Sun Jin Peng Chong Cui Xiaoli | 2014 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2014，16，2： | 21 |
| 2 | Wall Sticking of High Water-Cut, Highly Viscous and High Gel-Point Crude Oil Transported at Low Temperatures显示文摘Some crude oils with high water cut have the capability to flow below the oil gel point, while the oil particles adhere to the pipe wall in the form of paste, also called 'wall sticking'. Wall sticking is a serious problem during the pipeline transportation, leading to partial or total blockage of the pipeline and energy wastage. In this paper, a series of laboratory flow loop experiments were conducted to observe the wall sticking characteristics of crude oil with high water cut, high viscosity and high gel point at low transportation temperatures. The effects of shear stress and water cut on the wall sticking rate and occurrence temperature were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the wall sticking rate and occurrence temperature were lower under stronger shear stress and higher water cut conditions. A criterion of wall sticking occurrence temperature(WSOT) and a regression model of wall sticking rate were then established. Finally, the software was developed to calculate the pressure drop along the pipelines of crude oils with high water-cut. It was able to predict the wall sticking thickness of gelled oil and then calculate the pressure drop along the pipelines. A typical case study indicated that the prediction results obtained from the software were in agreement with actual measured values. | Zheng Haimin Huang Qiyu Wang Changhui Wang Xi | 2015 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2015，17，4： | 17 |
| 3 | Degradation of Nitrobenzene-Containing Wastewater with O_3 and H_2O_2 by High Gravity Technology显示文摘Nitrobenzene-containing industrial wastewater was degraded in the presence of ozonecoupled with H2O2 by high gravity technology. The effect of high gravity factor, H2O2 concentration, pH value, liquid flow-rate, and reaction time on the efficiency for removal of nitrobenzene was investigated. The experimental results show that the high gravity technology enhances the ozone utilization efficiency with O3 /H2O2 showing synergistic effect. The degradation efficiency in terms of the COD removal rate and nitrobenzene removal rate reached 45.8% and 50.4%, respectively, under the following reaction conditions, viz.: a high gravity factor of 66.54, a pH value of 9, a H2O2 /O3 molar ratio of 1:1, a liquid flow rate of 140L/h, an ozone concentration of 40mg/L, a H2O2 multiple dosing mode of 6mL/h, and a reaction time of 4h. Compared with the performance of conventional stirred aeration mixers, the high gravity technology could increase the COD and nitrobenzene removal rate related with the nitrobenzene-containing wastewater by 22.9% and 23.3%, respectively. | Jiao Weizhou Liu Youzhi Liu Wenli Li Jing Shao Fan Wang Chaoran | 2013 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2013，15，1： | 16 |
| 4 | Ni-_2P-MoS_2/γ-Al_2O_3 Catalyst for Deep Hydrodesulfurization via the Hydrogenation Reaction Pathway显示文摘A series of highly active Ni2P-Mo S2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared and characterized, the catalytic performance of which was evaluated through hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene. The result indicated that when the amount of Ni2 P was 4%, the catalyst showed a relatively high activity to provide a reliable reference for the hydrodesulfurization pathway in comparison with the conventional Ni Mo and Ni Mo P catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were correlated with their catalytic activity and selectivity on hydrodesulfurization. The stacking number of active Mo S2 phases was important for influencing the hydrogenation activity. | Liu Lihua Liu Shuqun | 2014 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2014，16，4： | 13 |
| 5 | Effect of Magnetic Field on Tribological Properties of Lubricating Oils with and without Tricresyl Phosphate显示文摘Tribological properties of neat 150 SN mineral base oil and the oils doped with different contents of tricresyl phosphate(TCP) under magnetic field or non-magnetic field were evaluated on a four-ball tribotester, on which an external magnetic field was applied. Furthermore, the morphology and the tribochemical characteristics of the worn surfaces were examined with a scanning electron microscope(SEM) and an X-ray photoelectron spectrograph(XPS). The tribological test results showed that the magnetic field improved anti-wear properties but impaired the friction-reducing properties of neat base oil and the TCP-doped oils. The worn surfaces tested in magnetic field were characterized by a slighter wear than those tested in normal condition, especially for the surfaces lubricated with the TCP-doped oils. Furthermore, the results of XPS analysis indicated that tribochemical films on the surfaces tested with TCP-doped oils were mainly composed of ferriccontaining compounds such as Fe_2O_3, Fe_3O_4 and FePO_4. Under the influence of a magnetic field, the atomic concentrations of oxygen and phosphorous in the frictional sub-surfaces were higher than those without magnetic impact. Thus it can be inferred that the improved anti-wear properties and impaired friction-reducing capabilities of lubricating oils with TCP under a magnetic field were related to the diffusion of phosphorus and oxygen into the substrate induced by magnetism. | Jiang Zeqi Fang Jianhua Chen Boshui Zheng Zhe Li Hao Xu Lai | 2016 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2016，18，3： | 12 |
| 6 | Effect of Strontium Addition to Platinum Catalyst for Propane Dehydrogenation显示文摘PtSnSr/HZSM-5 catalysts with different amounts of strontium were prepared by sequential impregnation method,and characterized by BET analysis,TEM,NH3-TPD,H2-TPR,TPO and TG techniques.The results showed that the addition of strontium could modify the characteristics and properties of both acid function and metal function of Pt-Sn-based catalysts.In this case,PtSnSr/HZSM-5 catalyst with an appropriate amount of Sr(1.2%) showed higher catalytic activity and lower amount of coke deposits than PtSn/HZSM-5 catalyst.However,excessive loading of Sr could facilitate the reduction of Sn,which was unfavorable to the reaction.Afterwards,1.0 m% of Na was added into the PtSnSr(1.2%)/HZSM-5 catalyst to improve the catalytic performance in propane dehydrogenation,and this catalyst displayed the best catalytic performance during our experiments.After having been subjected to reaction for 5h,the PtSnNa(1.0%)Sr(1.2%)/HZSM-5 catalyst had achieved a higher than 95% selectivity towards propene along with a corresponding propane conversion rate of 32.2%. | Huang Li Zhou Shijian Zhou Yuming Zhang Yiwei Zhang Shaobo Xu Jun | 2012 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2012，14，3： | 11 |
| 7 | Commercial Application of the Second Generation RHT Catalysts for Hydroprocessing the Residue with Low Sulfur and High Nitrogen Contents显示文摘The RHT technology and the second generation RHT catalysts were applied in design of an 1.7Mt/a VRDS unit at the SINOPEC Changling Branch Co. The commercial application result demonstrated that the RHT catalysts showed good activity and stability in processing low-sulfur and high-nitrogen residue. The first long period run of unit for processing high Fe and high Ca content residue was achieved. The reasons for excessive pressure drop of R-101 were ascribed to Fe and Ca deposition as well as coke formation. | Shao Zhicai Zhao Xinqiang Liu Tao Dai Lishun Nie Hong | 2014 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2014，16，1： | 11 |
| 8 | Improvement of Magnetic Field on Tribological Properties of Lubricating Oils with Zinc Butyloctyldithiophosphate显示文摘Tribological properties of 150 SN mineral oil and the oils doped with different contents of zinc butyloctyldithiophosphate(T202) under magnetic field or non-magnetic field were evaluated on a four-ball tribotester by applying an external magnetic field around the friction region. Moreover, the morphology and the tribochemical characteristics of worn surfaces were examined by a scanning electron microscope(SEM) and an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS). Then the lubrication mechanisms were discussed. The tribological test results indicated that the wear scar diameters(WSDs) of steel balls lubricated by the T202-containing lubricating oils and the friction coefficients of the corresponding oil under magnetic field were smaller than those without magnetic affection. The worn surface lubricated with the T202-formulated oils in a magnetic field was smoother than that obtained under the normal condition. Furthermore, the results of XPS analysis indicated that tribochemical films on the surfaces lubricated with T202-doped oils were mainly composed of compounds such as FeSO_4, FeS and ZnS. The atomic concentrations of oxygen, sulfur, iron, zinc and phosphorus species identified in T202 under magnetic field were higher than those without magnetic impact. It can be inferred that the improved anti-wear and friction-reducing ability of T202-doped oils was attributed to the promoted tribochemical reactions and the modification of the worn surfaces induced by magnetic field. | Jiang Zeqi Fang Jianhua Chen Boshui Wu Jiang Wang Jiu Zheng Zhe | 2016 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2016，18，4： | 11 |
| 9 | Degradation of Wastewater Containing Nitrobenzene by High Gravity-Ultrasonic/Ozonation/Electrolysis Technology显示文摘The integrated high gravity-ultrasonic/ozonation/electrolysis technology was applied in the pretreatment of wastewater containing nitrobenzene.The effect of pH value,high gravity factor,liquid flow-rate and electric current density on removal of COD and nitrobenzene compounds was investigated.Experimental results have determined the optimal process regime involving a high gravity factor of 100,an electric current density of 20mA/cm2,a liquid flow-rate of 100L/h,and an initial liquid pH value of 11.After the wastewater had been treated for 180 min,the degradation of nitrobenzene and COD reached 99% and 80%,respectively,with the biochemical coefficient(BOD/COD) equating to 0.64,and the subsequent treatment of wastewater could be carried out by conventional biochemical means.Compared with traditional aerationozone contactors,a rotating packed bed with high mass transfer characteristics could be used to increase the ozonation treatment efficiency. | Jiao Weizhou Liu Youzhi Shao Fan Liu Wenli Li Jing Wang Chaoran | 2012 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2012，14，3： | 11 |
| 10 | A Survey of Novel Processes to Produce Ultra Low Sulfur Gasoline显示文摘The restriction on sulfur level in gasoline has been increasingly tightened. The U.S.Tier Ⅱ regulation requires a reduction from average 340ppm to 30ppm from 2004 to 2008. Recently significant progress has been made in effective high sulfur removal, such as post treatment of FCC gasoline by selective hydrotreating, S Zorb sulfur removal technology, OATS process etc. The sulfur content of FCC gasoline can be deceased to less than 10ppm. With regard to gasoline pool composition in China, it is very important to look for effective desulfurization processes that are simple, straightforward, with less hydrogen consumption. Post-treatment of FCC gasoline is a preferred option. From the point of view of comprehensive utilization, alkylation, polymerization, isomerisation etc. can be added to desulfurization process to meet the requirement of ultra low sulfur, premium. | XuYun LongJun ShaoXinjun | 2003 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2003，5，2： | 11 |
| 11 | Identification and Characterization of Sulfur Compounds in Straight-Run Diesel Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional GC Coupled with TOF MS显示文摘The solid-phase extraction using Pd-Al2O3 as the stationary phase was employed to pre-separate the sulfur compounds in straight-run diesel. The isolating effect was evaluated quantitatively by gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector to harvest a satisfactory result. The identification of the structure of sulfur compounds by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with the time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicated that cyclo-sulfides, benzothiophenes, dibenzothiophenes, dihydro-benzothiophenes and tetrahydro-dibenzothiophenes were included in straightrun diesel obtained from the Arab medium crude(AM). A total of 259 individual compounds were detected and their molecular structures were identified. The analytical method was approved as an effective way to characterize the composition of sulfur compounds, which reduced the interference of other compounds, facilitated the data presentation and provided more detailed information about molecular composition of sulfur compounds. | Niu Luna Liu Zelong Tian Songbai | 2014 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2014，16，3： | 10 |
| 12 | Secondary Crystallization of Na_2CO_3-Modified HZSM-5 Zeolites with Tetrapropylammonium Hydroxide and Their Catalytic Performance in Thiophene Alkylation Reaction显示文摘The Na2CO3-modified HZSM-5 zeolites were further treated by tetrapropylammonium hydroxide(TPAOH) solution. The effect of TPAOH concentration on the secondary crystallization process was investigated. The resulting samples were characterized by a complementary combination of X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, XPS, 27 Al and 29 Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, BET and temperature-programmed desorption techniques. The results showed that the secondary crystallization of the HZSM-5 zeolite could result in migration of non-framework species from the internal channels to the zeolite surface and their transformation into framework species. The catalytic activity of these modified samples for thiophene alkylation was evaluated. Both the activity and stability of the catalysts were improved after secondary crystallization. | Liu Dongmei Kong Feifei Zhai Yuchun Wang Haiyan | 2015 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2015，17，3： | 10 |
| 13 | Catalytic Reforming Catalysts and Technology in China显示文摘1 Introduction
Catalytic reforming is an important means for producing highoctane gasoline component and aromatics from naphtha feedstock while providing a hefty amount of cheap hydrogen to refineries. | MaAizeng | 2003 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2003，5，4： | 10 |
| 14 | Preparation of Core-Shell Composite of Y@Mesoporous Alumina and Its Application in Heavy Oil Cracking显示文摘A well core-shell composite of Y@meso-Al with a mesoporous alumina shell and a Y zeolite core was synthesized. The mesoporous alumina shell has a wormhole-like structure with large mesopores. The prepared catalytic cracking catalyst using this composite has exhibited excellent catalytic performance for heavy oil cracking thanks to its favorable physicochemical properties, such as high surface area, large pore volume and outstanding acid sites accessibility for large molecules provided by the composite. In comparison with the reference catalyst using pure Y zeolite, the oil conversion achieved by the above-mentioned catalyst increased by 2.73 percentage points, while the heavy oil yield and coke yield decreased by 2.23 percentage points and 1.28 percentage points, respectively, with the light oil yield increasing by 2.27 percentage points. | Yuan Chengyuan Wang Zhengwu Zhang Haitao Tan Zhengguo Pan Zhishuang Gao Xionghou | 2016 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2016，18，1： | 10 |
| 15 | Treatment of Phenol Wastewater Using High Gravity Electrochemical Reactor with Multi-concentric Cylindrical Electrodes显示文摘A novel high gravity electrochemical reactor with multi-concentric cylindrical electrodes was used in the electrochemical treatment of 5 000 mg/L phenol-containing wastewater at a petrochemical plant, which can operate continuously and process in a large scale. The results show that the high gravity technology used in electrochemical treatment of phenol-containing wastewater can shorten the electrolysis time, decrease the electrolysis voltage, and reduce the energy consumption. The COD removal efficiency was high in the high-gravity field, and reached up to about 48%, which was about 2 times the value achieved in the normal gravity field at a processing capacity of 6 L, a high gravity factor of 80, a voltage of 12 V, an electrolysis time of 40 min, and a wastewater flowrate of 80 L/h. | Gao Jing Liu Youzhi Chang Lingfei | 2012 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2012，14，2： | 10 |
| 16 | Effect of Biodiesel on Oxidation Stability, Detergency and Antiwear Ability of Diesel Oil显示文摘Different contents of biodiesel and petrodiesel were incorporated into diesel engine oils. The oxidative stability, detergency and antiwear performance of the formulated diesel oils were evaluated. The results indicated that, compared with petrodiesel, biodiesel was more liable to promote oxidation degradation of diesel oils, leading to worse oxidative stability, detergency and antiwear ability of the oils. | Wu Jiang Chen Boshui Fang Jianhua Wang Jiu (Department of Petrochemistry, Logistical Engineering University, Chongqing 401311) | 2011 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2011，13，4： | 9 |
| 17 | Development of Light Cycle Oil(LCO) Hydrocracking Technology over a Commercial W-Ni Based Catalyst显示文摘Because of its high density and low cetane number, the light cycle oil(LCO) containing heavy aromatics(60%—80%) can hardly be transformed through the conventional hydro-upgrading technology. In this report, a novel LCO hydrocracking technology(FD2G) was proposed for the utilization of LCO to manufacture high value-added products. Through the ingenious combination of hydroprocessing catalyst and the hydrocracking process, the high octane gasoline and the ultra-low sulfur diesel(ULSD) blendstocks were produced simultaneously. The influence of catalyst type, reaction temperature, pressure, respectively, on the research octane number(RON) of produced gasoline was studied in a fixed bed hydrogenation reactor. It indicated that high reaction temperature and medium pressure would favor the production of highoctane gasoline through the conversion of bi-aromatic and tri-aromatic hydrocarbons. The typical results of FD2 G technology on commercial units showed that it could produce clean diesel with a sulfur content of less than 10 μg/g and clean gasoline with a research octane number(RON) of up to 92. It would be contributed to the achievement of the maximum profit of a refinery, the FD2 G technology could provide a higher economic efficiency than the other diesel quality upgrading technology under the current gasoline and diesel price system. | Peng Chong Yang Xuejing Fang Xiangchen Huang Xinlu Cheng Zhenmin Zeng Ronghui Guo Rong | 2015 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2015，17，4： | 9 |
| 18 | Tribological Performances of Fatty Acyl Amino Acids Used as Green Additives in Lubricating Oil显示文摘磨擦并且穿 lauroyl 夫酸安, lauroyl glycine 和 lauroyl 丙氨酸的特征,在 HVI 350 矿物质润滑的使用的同样绿的添加剂上油,在四球的 tribotester.The 上被评估形态学和穿的表面的化学种类被扫描电子显微镜( SEM )和X光检查光电子分光镜( XPS )分析, respectively.The 测试结果显示三丰满的酰氨基酸能有效地改进反穿和 HVI350 | Chen Boshui Wang Jiu Fang Jianhua Huang Weijiu Sun Xia Yu Ying | 2010 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2010，12，3： | 9 |
| 19 | Removal of Nitrogen Compounds from Shale Diesel Fraction Using Ionic Liquid [C_4mim]HSO_4显示文摘Ionic liquid(IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrosulphate([C_4mim]HSO_4) was synthesized and its denitrogenation performance was investigated for diesel fraction with high content of nitride from oil shale. The effects of the temperature, the mass ratio of oil to IL, the mass ratio of water to IL, the extraction time, the settling time and the regeneration of IL on the N-removal efficiency were studied. Experimental results showed that the ionic liquid [C_4mim]HSO_4 exhibited excellent denitrogenation performance, and about a 90% basic N-extraction efficiency and a 71% total N-extraction efficiency were achieved under the conditions covering a temperature of 30 ℃, an oil/IL mass ratio of 7:1, a H_2O/ IL mass ratio of 2:1, an extraction time of 20 min and a settling time of 120 min. In addition, the basic N-removal efficiency can still reach 74% during five recycles of the ionic liquid. | Liu Jie Ma Bo | 2016 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2016，18，3： | 9 |
| 20 | Development and Commercial Application of High-Platinum CCR Catalyst with Low Coke Deposition Rate显示文摘借助于选择合适的添加剂并且优化催化剂作文和准备过程,没有减少它的特定的表面区域的为连续催化改过的高铂、低的焦炭免职催化剂 PS-VII (CCR ) 成功地被开发了。这催化剂 PS-VII 在一个 100-mL 飞行员测试单位被评估。学习结果证明在一样的反应条件下面,最新发达的催化剂 PS-VII 作为与存在相比在焦炭免职完成了 26% 减小高铂的 CCR 催化剂。在它在 1.39 Mt/a CCR 单位的第一个商业应用程序之上的这催化剂以它的特定的表面区域展出了好反摩擦性能和好稳定性。把这 PS-VII 类型催化剂比作原来的 CCR 催化剂当与低潜在的芳香的内容操作化工物品时,能在27.32%减少焦炭免职,与C_6^+液体产量,氢收益和 aromatics 产量的明显的增加一起,它能捉牢,这个问题在 CCR 能力扩大以后与催化剂新生限制联系了保证 CCR 的长周期的高负担的操作联合起来。 | Ma Aizeng Pan Jincheng Yang Sennian | 2007 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2007，9，4： | 9 |
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