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1OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SKIN,SUBCUTANEOUS,AND MUSCLE TISSUES:A REVIEW显示文摘The development of optical methods in modern medicine in the areas of diagnostics,therapy,and surgery has stimulated the investigation of optical properties of various biological tissues,since the efficacy of laser treatment depends on the photon propagation and fluence rate distribution within irradiated tissues.In this work,an overview of published absorption and scattering properties of skin and subcutaneous tissues measured in wide wavelength range is presented.Basic principles of measurements of the tissue optical properties and techniques used for processing of the measured data are outlined.ALEXEY N.BASHKATOV ELINA A.GENINA VALERY V.TUCHIN 2011Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2011,4,1:8
2Laser speckle contrast imaging for monitoring of acutepancreatitis at ischemia-reperfusion injury of thepancreas in rats显示文摘The influence of ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)action on pancreatic blood flow(PBF)and the development of acute pancreatitis(AP)in laboratory rats is evaluated in vivo by using the laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI).Additionally,the optical properties in norm and under condition of AP in rats were assessed using a modied integrating sphere spectrometer and inverse Monte Carlo(IMC)software.The results of the experimental study of microcirculation of the pancreas in 82 rats in the ischemic model are presented.The data obtained conrm the fact that local ischemia and changes in the blood°ow velocity of the main vessels cause and provoke acute pancreatitis.P.A.Dyachenko(Timoshina) A.N.Bashkatov D.A.Alexandrov V.I.Kochubey V.V.Tuchin 2022Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2022,15,1:4
3SINGLET OXYGEN QUANTUM YIELDS OF PORPHYRIN-BASED PHOTOSENSITIZERS FOR PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY显示文摘The major cytotoxic agent with most current photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy(PDT)is widely believed to be singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2)).Determination of the ^(1)O_(2) quantum yields for porphyrin-based photosensitizers,including hematoporphyrin derivative(HiPorfin),hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether(HMME)and photocarcinorin(PsD-007)in air-saturated dimethylformamide(DMF)solutions were performed by the direct measurement of their near-infrared luminescence.In addition,^(1)O_(2) quencher sodium azide was employed to confirm the ^(1)O_(2) generation from the investigated photosensitizers.The maximal ^(1)O_(2) luminescence occurs at about 1280 nm with full width at half maximum of 30 nm.The ^(1)O_(2) quantum yields were found to be 0.61±0.03,0.60±0.02 and 0.59±0.03 for HiPorfin,HMME and PsD-007,respectively.These results provide that these porphyrin-based photosensitizers produce ^(1)O_(2) under irradiation,which is of significance for the study of their photodynamic action in PDT.BU-HONG LI LI-SHENG LIN HUI-YUN LIN SHU-SEN XIE 2008Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2008,1,1:3
4Automatic segmentation of foveal avascular zone based on adaptive watershed algorithm in retinal optical coherence tomography angiography images显示文摘The size and shape of the foveal avascular zone(FAZ)have a strong positive correlation with several vision-threatening ret inovascular diseases.The identification,segmentation and analysis of FAZ are of great significance to clinical diagnosis and treatment.We presented an adaptive watershed algorithm to automatically extract F AZ from retinal optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)images.For the traditional watershed algorithm,'over-segmentation'is the most common problem.FAZ is often incorrectly divided into multiple regions by redundant'dams'.This paper analyzed the relationship between the'dams'length and the maximum inscribed circle radius of FAZ,and proposed an adaptive watershed algorithm to solve the problem of'over-segmentation'.Here,132 healthy retinal images and 50 diabetic retinopathy(DR)images were used to verify the accuracy and stability of the algorithm.Three ophthal-mologists were invited to make quan titative and qualitative evaluations on the segmentation results of this algorithm.The quantitative evaluation results show that the correlation coffi-cients between the automatic and manual segmentation results are 0.945(in healthy subjects)and 0.927(in DR patients),respectively.For qualitative evaluation,the percentages of'perfect segmentation'(score of 3)and'good segmentation'(score of 2)are 99.4%(in healthy subjects)and 98.7%(in DR patients),respectively.This work promotes the application of watershed algorithm in FAZ segmentation,making it a useful tool for analyzing and diagnosing eye diseases.Jian Liu Shixin Yan Nan Lu Dongni Yang Chunhui Fan Hongyu Lv Shuanglian Wang in Zhu Yuqian Zhao Yi Wang Zhenhe Ma Yao Yu 2022Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2022,15,1:3
5Black phosphorus:A novel nanoplatform with potential in the¯eld of bio-photonic nanomedicine显示文摘Single-or few-layer black phosphorus(FLBP)has attracted great attentions in scientic community with its excellent properties,including biodegradability,unique puckered lattice conguration,attractive electrical properties and direct and tunable band gap.In recent years,FLBP has been widely studied in bio-photonicelds such as photothermal and photodynamic therapy,drug delivery,bioimaging and biosensor,showing attractive clinical potential.Because of the marked advantages of FLBP nanomaterials in bio-photonicelds,this review article reviews the latest advances of biomaterials based on FLBP in biomedical applications,ranging from biocompatibility,medical diagnosis to treatment.Taojian Fan Yansheng Zhou Meng Qiu Han Zhang 2018Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2018,,6:3
6PINPOINT SOURCE LOCALIZATION FOR OCULAR NONSELECTIVE ATTENTION WITH COMBINATION OF ERP AND fNIRI MEASUREMENTS显示文摘Compared with event-related potential(ERP)which is widely used in psychology research,functional near-infrared imaging(fNIRI)is a new technique providing hemodynamic information related to brain activity,except for electrophysiological signals.Here,we use both these techniques to study ocular attention.We conducted a series of experiments with a classic paradigm of ocular nonselective attention,and monitored responses with fNIRI and ERP respectively.The results showed that fNIRI measured brain activations in the left prefrontal lobe,while ERPs showed activation in frontal lobe.More importantly,only with the combination measurements of fNIRI and ERP,we were then able to find the pinpoint source of ocular nonselective attention,which is in the left and upper corner in Brodmann area 10.These results demonstrated that fNIRI is a reliable technique in psychology,and the combination of fNIRI and ERP can be promising to reveal more information in the research of brain mechanism.TING LI LI LI PENG DU QINGMING LUO HUI GONG 2008Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2008,1,2:3
7MITOCHONDRIAL REDOX IMAGING FOR CANCER DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES显示文摘Mitochondrial redox states provide important information about energy-linked biological processes and signaling events in tissues for various disease phenotypes including cancer.The redox scanning method developed at the Chance laboratory about 30 years ago has allowed 3D highresolution(∼50×50×10µm^(3))imaging of mitochondrial redox state in tissue on the basis of the fluorescence of NADH(reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)and Fp(oxidized flavoproteins including flavin adenine dinucleotide,i.e.,FAD).In this review,we illustrate its basic principles,recent technical developments,and biomedical applications to cancer diagnostic and therapeutic studies in small animal models.Recently developed calibration procedures for the redox imaging using reference standards allow quantification of nominal NADH and Fp concentrations,and the concentration-based redox ratios,e.g.,Fp/(Fp+NADH)and NADH/(Fp+NADH)in tissues.This calibration facilitates the comparison of redox imaging results acquired for different metabolic states at different times and/or with different instrumental settings.A redox imager using a CCD detector has been developed to acquire 3D images faster and with a higher in-plane resolution down to 10µm.Ex vivo imaging and in vivo imaging of tissue mitochondrial redox status have been demonstrated with the CCD imager.Applications of tissue redox imaging in small animal cancer models include metabolic imaging of glioma and myc-induced mouse mammary tumors,predicting the metastatic potentials of human melanoma and breast cancer mouse xenografts,differentiating precancerous and normal tissues,and monitoring the tumor treatment response to photodynamic therapy.Possible future directions for the development of redox imaging are also discussed.LIN Z.LI HE N.XU MAHSA RANJI SHOKO NIOKA BRITTON CHANCE 2009Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2009,2,4:3
8MCVM:MONTE CARLO MODELING OF PHOTON MIGRATION IN VOXELIZED MEDIA显示文摘The Monte Carlo code MCML(Monte Carlo modeling of light transport in multi-layered tissue)has been the gold standard for simulations of light transport in multi-layer tissue,but it is ineffective in the presence of three-dimensional(3D)heterogeneity.New techniques have been attempted to resolve this problem,such as MCLS,which is derived from MCML,and tMCimg,which draws upon image datasets.Nevertheless,these approaches are insufficient because of their low precision or simplistic modeling.We report on the development of a novel model for photon migration in voxelized media(MCVM)with 3D heterogeneity.Voxel crossing detection and refractive-index-unmatched boundaries were considered to improve the precision and eliminate dependence on refractive-index-matched tissue.Using a semi-infinite homogeneous medium,steady-state and time-resolved simulations of MCVM agreed well with MCML,with high precision(∼100%)for the total diffuse reflectance and total fractional absorption compared to those of tMCimg(<70%).Based on a refractive-index-matched heterogeneous skin model,the results of MCVM were found to coincide with those of MCLS.Finally,MCVM was applied to a two-layered sphere with multi-inclusions,which is an example of a 3D heterogeneous media with refractive-index-unmatched boundaries.MCVM provided a reliable model for simulation of photon migration in voxelized 3D heterogeneous media,and it was developed to be a flexible and simple software tool that delivers high-precision results.TING LI HUI GONG QINGMING LUO 2010Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2010,3,2:2
9Artificial intelligence assisted light control and computational imaging through scattering media显示文摘Coherent optical control within or through scattering media via wavefront shaping has seen broad applications since its invention around 2007.Wavefront shaping is aimed at overcoming the strong scattering,featured by random interference,namely speckle patterns.This randomness occurs due to the refractive index inhomogeneity in complex media like biological tissue or the modal dispersion in multimode fiber,yet this randomness is actually deterministic and potentially can be time reversal or precompensated.Various wavefront shaping approaches,such as optical phase conjugation,iterative optimization,and transmission matrix measurement,have been developed to generate tight and intense optical delivery or high-resolution image of an optical object behind or within a scattering medium.The performance of these modula-tions,however,is far from satisfaction.Most recently,artifcial intelligence has brought new inspirations to this field,providing exciting hopes to tackle the challenges by mapping the input and output optical patterns and building a neuron network that inherently links them.In this paper,we survey the developments to date on this topic and briefly discuss our views on how to harness machine learning(deep learning in particular)for further advancements in the field.Shengfu Cheng Huanhao Li Yunqi Luo Yuanjin Zheng Puxiang Lai 2019Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2019,,4:2
10All-optically integrated photoacoustic and optical coherence tomography:A review显示文摘All-optically integrated photoacoustic(PA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)dualmode imaging technology that could o®er comprehensive pathological information for accurate diagnosis in clinic has gradually become a promising imaging technology in the aspect of biomedical imaging during the recent years.This review refers to the technology aspects of alloptical PA detection and system evolution of optically integrated PA and OCT,including Michelson interferometer dual-mode imaging system,Fabry–Perot(FP)interferometer dualmode imaging system and Mach–Zehnder interferometer dual-mode imaging system.It is believed that the optically integrated PA and OCT has great potential applications in biomedical imaging.Wei Qiao Zhongjiang Chen 2017Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2017,,4:2
11COLOR CORRECTION FOR HIGH-DEFINITION ELECTRONIC ENDOSCOPE显示文摘The subtle color distinction is the important function of electronic endoscope imaging diagnosis.However,after image acquisition,transmission and display,color distortions of intracorporeal organs or tissues occur inevitably,which are adverse to analyze image features accurately or to diagnose early pathological changes.A real-time color correction algorithm based on fourneighborhood and polynomial regression in YUV color space is proposed.Based on polynomial regression the color correction matrix is calculated in YUV color space according to the dierences between standard values of color checker and measured values of that imaged by the endoscope.As the correction is only executed on U and V components in YUV color space,the defect that the color of corrected images in RGB color space will change along with luminance can be avoided,and then the stability of image color is improved.Owing to four-neighborhood processing,the signal-to-noise ratio of corrected images is enhanced and the processing speed of correction algorithm is accelerated.The average color dierence is reduced from 0.3944 to 0.2850 by application of the proposed algorithm in high-denition electronic endoscope.A total of 17 frames per second can be achieved at the resolution of 1280800,and the color characteristics of the image after processing match that of human visual system.CHEN JING WANG LI-QIANG MENG ZI-BO YUAN BO DUAN HUI-LONG 2012Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2012,5,4:2
12IMPROVE OPTICAL CLEARING OF SKIN IN VITRO WITH PROPYLENE GLYCOL AS A PENETRATION ENHANCER显示文摘In order to enhance the optical clearing effect of topically applied optical clearing agents(OCAs),we evaluated the effect of propylene glycol(PG)as a chemical penetration enhancer(PE)on optical clearing of skin in vitro by observation and measurement of optical-transmittance and diffuse-reflectance spectra.Three OCAs,i.e.,glycerol,D-sorbitol and PEG400,and two other penetration enhancers,Azone and Thiazone,were used in this study.The results indicated that the decrease of reduced scattering coefficient caused by OCA/PG was larger than that by pure OCA,and the change by OCA/water was the least after the same treatment time.There were significant differences for the reduced scattering coefficient at 630 nm after 120 min application of agents between OCA and OCA/PG.The efficacy of optical clearing caused by OCA/PG depended on the OCA itself.When PEG400 was mixed with three different PEs,we found the optical clearing were different.The penetration enhancing ability of PG was much better compared to Azone,and suboptimal to Thiazone.Also,this study provides evidence for the use of PG as a PE in order to improve skin optical clearing.ZHONGWEI ZHI ZHENZHEN HAN QINGMING LUO DAN ZHU 2009Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2009,2,3:2
13INTRACELLULAR MANIPULATION BY FEMTOSECOND LASERS:REVIEW显示文摘Multiphoton absorption of femtosecond laser pulses focused through an objective with high numerical aperture(NA)can be used to image and manipulate cellular and intracellular objects.This review highlights recent advances in intracellular manipulation,including nanosurgery and labeling in living cells with femtosecond lasers.WATARU WATANABE SACHIHIIRO MATSUNAGA KIICHI FUKUI KAZUYOSHI ITOH 2009Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2009,2,1:2
14In vivo mice brain microcirculation monitoring based on contrast-enhanced SD-OCT显示文摘In this paper,we proposed a contrast-enhanced homemade spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)method for monitoring of brain microcirculation.We used the polyethylene glycol(PEG)-ylated gold nanorods(GNRs)as a contrast-enhanced agent,obtained clearly 2D and 3D OCT images of blood vessels and dynamic changes of probes in mouse blood vessels.Owing to high scattering of the PEG-GNRs,more tiny blood vessels can be imaged and the OCT signal can be enhanced by 5.87 dB after injection of PEG-GNRs for 20 min,the enhancement then declined gradually for 60 min.Our results demonstrate an effective technique for the enhanced imaging of blood vessels in vivo,especially for studies of the brain microcirculation,which could be serviced for disease mechanism research and therapeutic drug monitoring.Shaozhuang Yang Liwei Liu Yixin Chang Ningning Zhang Kun Liu Liang Hong Bingling Chen Yue Zhao Rui Hu Junle Qu 2019Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2019,,1:2
15Z-SCAN TECHNIQUE FOR MEASUREMENT OF TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDES IN BLOOD显示文摘The measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides in blood by Z-scan technique is proposed.The nonlinear refractive index of cholesterol and triglycerides was found to vary linearly with concentration.Hence by calculating the nonlinear refractive index it is possible to measure their concentration in the sample.These measured values are found in equivalence with conventional colorimetric method.A.N.DHINAA P.K.PALANISAMY 2009Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2009,2,3:2
16MULTIPHOTON MICROSCOPY:A NEW APPROACH IN PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES AND PATHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS FOR OPHTHALMOLOGY显示文摘Multiphoton microscopy(MPM),with the advantages of improved penetration depth,decreased photo-damage,and optical sectioning capability,has become an indispensable tool for biomedical imaging.The combination of multiphoton fluorescence(MF)and second-harmonic generation(SHG)microscopy is particularly effective in imaging tissue structures of the ocular surface.This work is intended to be a review of advances that MPM has made in ophthalmic imaging.The MPM not only can be used for the label-free imaging of ocular structures,it can also be applied for investigating the morphological alterations in corneal pathologies,such as keratoconus,infected keratitis,and corneal scar.Furthermore,the corneal wound healing process after refractive surgical procedures such as conductive keratoplasty(CK)can also be studied with MPM.Finally,qualitative and quantitative SHG microscopy is effective for characterizing corneal thermal denaturation.With additional development,multiphoton imaging has the potential to be developed into an effective imaging technique for in vivo studies and clinical diagnosis in ophthalmology.CHIU-MEI HSUEH WEN LO SUNG-JAN LIN TSUNG-JEN WANG FUNG-RUNG HU HSIN-YUAN TAN CHEN-YUAN DONG 2009Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2009,2,1:2
17PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY—AN UPDATE ON CLINICAL APPLICATIONS显示文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has received increased attention since the regulatory approvals of several photosensitizers and light applicators in numerous countries and regions around the world.In recent years,much progress has been seen in basic research as well as clinical application.PDT clinical application has now extended from treating malignant diseases to nonmalignant diseases.This review article will present recent clinical data published in English journals.The data will be organized according to their clinical specialties.The new development and future direction in clinical applications of PDT for the management of both malignant and nonmalignant diseases will be discussed.ZHENG HUANG LIBO LI HONGWEI WANG XIULI WANG KAIHUA YUAN ARLEN MEYERS LIHAO YANG FRED W.HETZEL 2009Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2009,2,1:2
18Application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in the healthcare industry:A review显示文摘Functional near-infrared spectrosoopy(NIRS),a growing neuroimaging modality,has been utilized over the past few decades to understand the neuronal behavior in the brain.The technique has been used to assess the brain hemodynamics of impaired cohorts as well as able-bodied.Neuroimaging is a critical technique for patients with inpaired cognitive or motor behaviors.The portable nature of the fNIRS system is suitable for frequent monitoring of the patients who exhibit impaired brain activity.This study comprehensively reviews brain impaired patients:The studies involving patient populations and the diseases discussed in more than 10 works are included.Eleven diseases examined in this paper include autism spectrum disorder,attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder,epilepsy,depressive disorders,anxiety and panic disorder,schizophrenia,mild cognitive impairment,Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,stroke,and traumatic brain injury.For each disease,the tasks used for exarmination,NIRS variables,and significant findings on the impairment are discussed.The channel configurations and the regions of interest are also outlined.Detecting the occurrence of symptoms at an earlier stage is vital for better rehabilitation and faster recovery.This paper ilustrates the usability of fNIRS for early detection of inpairment and the usefulness in monitoring the rehabilitation process.Finally,the limitations of the current fNIRS systems(ie,nonexistence of a standard method and the lack of well-established features for classification)and future research directions are discussed.The authors hope that the findings in this paper would lead to advanced breakthrough discoveries in the fNIRS field in the future.Keum-Shik Hong M.Atif Yaqub 2019Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2019,,6:2
19An assessment study of absorption effect:LED vs tungsten halogen lamp for noninvasive glucose detection显示文摘Noninvasive gluoose monitoring development is critical for diabetic patient continuous moni-toring.However,almost all the available devices are invasive and painful.Noninvasive methods such as using spectroscopy have shown some good results.Unfortunately,the drawback was that the tungsten halogen lamps 1usage that is impractical if applied on human skin.This paper compared the light emitting diode(LED)to traditional tungsten halogen lamps as light source for glucose detection where the type of light source plays an important role in achieving a good spectrum quality.Glucose concentration measurement has been developed as part of noninvasive technique using optical spectroscopy.Small change and overlapping in tungsten halogen results need to replace it with a more convenient light source such as LED.Based on the result obtained,the performance of LED for absorbance spectrum gives a signifcantly different and is directly proportional to the glucose concentration.The result shows a linear trend and scucssully detects lowest at 60 to 160 mg/dL glucose concentration.Nur Ain Mohd Aziz Norhana Arsad P.Susthitha Menon Sahbudin Shaari Zalhan Md Yusof Abdur Rehman Laili 2015Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2015,8,2:2
20QUANTITATIVE REDOX SCANNING OF TISSUE SAMPLES USING A CALIBRATION PROCEDURE显示文摘The fluorescence properties of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)and oxidizedflavoproteins(Fp)including flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in the respiratory chain are sensitive indicators of intracellular metabolic states and have been applied to the studies of mitochondrial function with energy-linked processes.The redox scanner,a three-dimensional(3D)low temperature imager previously developed by Chance et al.,measures the in vivo metabolicproperties of tissue samples by acquiring fluorescence images of NADH and Fp.The redox ratios,i.e.Fp/(Fp+NADH)and NADH/(Fp+NADH),provided a sensitive index of the mitochondrialredox state and were determined based on relative signal intensity ratios.Here we report thefurther development of the redox scanning technique by using a calibration method to quantifythe nominal concentration of the fluorophores in tissues.The redox scanner exhibited very goodlinear response in the range of NADH concentration between 165–1318µM and Fp between90–720µM using snap-frozen solution standards.Tissue samples such as human tumor mousexenografts and various mouse organs were redox-scanned together with adjacent NADH and Fpstandards of known concentration at liquid nitrogen temperature.The nominal NADH and Fpconcentrations as well as the redox ratios in the tissue samples were quantified by normalizing the tissue NADH and Fp fluorescence signal to that of the snap-frozen solution standards.This calibration procedure allows comparing redox images obtained at different time,independent of instrument settings.The quantitative multi-slice redox images revealed heterogeneity inmitochondrial redox state in the tissues.HE N.XU BAOHUA WU SHOKO NIOKA BRITTON CHANCE LIN Z.LI 2009Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2009,2,4:2
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